scholarly journals Application of High Pressures in the Postharvest Conservation of Broccoli

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2157
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Pereira ◽  
Anderson S. Formiga ◽  
José S. Pinzetta Junior ◽  
Isabela N. F. Cordeiro ◽  
Karollayne T. E. F. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Hyperbaric Pressure ◽  
Solids Content

Broccoli is a vegetable of high nutritional value, rich in bioactive compounds, but has a fast degradation after harvest. This work assesses the effect of hyperbaric pressure, at room temperature, on postharvest conservation of broccoli. The broccoli samples were subjected to the five hyperbaric pressures (100 control, 200, 400, 600, and 800 kPa) during three different times (1, 2, and 3 days), at 22 °C and 95% RH. The pressures of 400, 600, and 800 kPa provided the best conservation of broccoli quality. Respiratory rate, ethylene production, soluble solids content, and lipid peroxidation decreased at the highest-pressure treatments. Moreover, the highest pressures maintained fresh mass, green color, ascorbic acid content, and receptacle firmness. The hyperbaric treatments of 600 and 800 kPa increased catalase enzymatic activity and reduced peroxidase activity as a result of the reduction of oxidative stress, delaying the senescence of broccoli.

scholarly journals Productivity and quality of organic strawberries pre-harvest treated with silicon

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Marcele Munaretto ◽  
Renato V Botelho ◽  
Juliano Tadeu V Resende ◽  
Kélin Schwarz ◽  
Alessandro Jefferson Sato
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Fruit Mass

ABSTRACT Mineral nutrients have important role in plant metabolism, acting on specific vital metabolic pathways for the cell. Among the nutrients, we highlight silicon (Si), for promoting growth, improving post-harvest quality and plant productivity, as well as being able to induce resistance to pest and disease. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the productivity and post-harvest quality of strawberry fruits cultivars Aromas and Albion cultivated in organic system with four doses of foliar applications of SiO2 in pre-harvest (0, 5, 10, 15 g L-1), and refrigerated storage (8 days under refrigeration and 1 day at room temperature). The valuated traits were: mass loss, fruit mass, productivity, fruit firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, total phenolics, total anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and soluble solids titratable acidity ratio. The cultivar Aromas presented higher productivity per area (33.05 t ha-1), and more fruits per plot (479.42); however, higher average fruit mass was obtained in cultivar Albion (24.44 g), presenting better-quality fruits for fresh market. Soluble solids content, SS/TA ratio and ascorbic acid content were not influenced by silicon doses, however, refrigeration during 8 days and 1 day at room temperature provided reduction of fruit firmness, titratable acidity and, ascorbic acid content and increased soluble solids content and SS/TA ratio. Refrigeration attenuated significant reductions in anthocyanin content and, in addition, foliar silicon application promoted higher levels of anthocyanins in the fruits of both strawberry cultivars, increasing with the applied dose. The application of silicon was also efficient in maintaining fruit firmness of both cultivars.

scholarly journals Nondestructive Quality Screening of Green Tomatoes Using Ethylene Gas

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 641b-641
Author(s):  
F. Maul ◽  
S.A. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Short Exposure ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Solids Content

The effects of prolonged ethylene exposure on external and internal quality parameters of tomato fruits were studied in order to explore the feasibility of its use as a nondestructive technique for screening immature and inferior quality fruit. `Agriset' and `CPT-5' tomatoes were hand harvested at Stage 1 (green) and held at 20°C and 50 ppm ethylene for 1-7 days. Each 24 hours, fruits reaching Stage 2 (breaker) were removed from C2H4 and transferred to 20°C air for subsequent ripening. Tomatoes were considered at edible maturity upon reaching full red-ripe stage and 4 mm deformation and final quality parameters were determined. For both cultivars, fruits which required prolonged C2H4 exposure to reach Stage 2 had lower overall visual appearance. `Agriset' tomatoes which required short exposure times to C2H4 (1 to 3 days) had somewhat higher quality than those requiring prolonged times (4 or 5 days). Days to reach edible maturity were 9.5 and 7.7, respectively. For the short exposure times, peel color was more intense (higher chroma value), while soluble solids content and total sugars were significantly higher (P = 0.05). Quality of `CPT-5' tomatoes was not adversely affected until requiring 6 or 7 days exposure to C2H4. Days to reach edible maturity decreased from an average of 12.5 to 11.0 for 1 to 5 or for 6 to 7 days exposure, respectively. For fruits requiring 7 days exposure, soluble solids content, total sugars and pH were significantly higher than for those reaching Stage 2 in fewer days. There were no significant differences in titratable acidity or ascorbic acid content for either cultivar.

scholarly journals Changes in the Ripening Characteristics and Shelf Life of Mango Fruits as Related to the Application of Coating Based on Cocoa Leaf Extracts

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kouete Jarvin Ovaric ◽  
Phounzong-Tafre Eugène ◽  
Aghofack-Nguemezi Jean
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Edible Coatings ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ripening Process ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Β Carotene

The influence of edible coatings based on cocoa leaf extracts on the ripening of ''Belle-Dame'' mangoes has been evaluated, to contribute to the improvement of the shelf life of these fruits after harvest. There were overall treatment-independent decreases in the firmness and chlorophylls levels, and increases in total soluble solids content, water content, physiological weight loss and β-carotene concentration during the ripening of mango fruits. These variations were very rapid in control fruits, reflecting an accelerated ripening process that led to the senescence of these fruits from day 9 after harvest onwards. In treated fruits, variations of different parameters were slow with significant differences between the treated fruits and controls. These inhibitory effects of coatings resulted in a delay of the ripening process and consequently to a shift of the onset of senescence to 12 days after harvest. In addition to the extension of shelf life by three days, treatments of mango fruits by dipping them in solutions containing cocoa leaf extracts induced a higher accumulation of β-carotene in coated fruits as compared to controls, thereby enhancing the nutritional value of the former.

STORAGE QUALITY OF McINTOSH APPLES AS AFFECTED BY REMOVAL OF ETHYLENE FROM THE STORAGE ATMOSPHERE

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Forsyth ◽  
C. A. Eaves ◽  
H. J. Lightfoot
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Storage Quality ◽  
Storage Atmosphere ◽  
Solids Content

Preclimacteric McIntosh apples were maintained under low (average 6 ppm) C2H4 and high (average 1,570 ppm) C2H4 levels for 189 days at 3.3 °C. Subsequent analysis of the fruit revealed that the low C2H4 storage condition had maintained approximately 0.9 kg (2 lb.) greater firmness in the fruit than had the high C2H4 condition. This extra firmness persisted for more than a week at room temperature. Acidity levels and soluble solids content were increased slightly by the low C2H4 treatment. Low C2H4 treatment caused both a lower internal C2H4 content of the fruit and a lower level of C2H4 emission by the whole fruit than did storage in high levels of C2H4. The low C2H4 storage conditions reduced the incidence of core browning.

scholarly journals POSTHARVEST OF IRRADIATED TAHITI LIME FRUITS

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMONE RODRIGUES DA SILVA ◽  
DÉBORA NANCY FERNANDES BEZERRA ◽  
MEIRE MENEZES BASSAN ◽  
TATIANA CANTUARIAS-AVILÉS ◽  
VALTER ARTHUR
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Gamma Irradiated ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the postharvest quality evolution of gamma-irradiated ‘Tahiti’ limes. Shiny, olivegreen fruits with coarse skin (56 cm equatorial diameter) harvested in commercial orchars and processed in commercial packing house line were used. In a preliminary assay, fruits harvested in April 2011 were exposed to a gamma radiation range from 0 to 750 Gy. The 250 and 750 Gy doses negatively affected skin quality and pulp of exposed fruits. For this reason, new assays were carried out using lower doses to irradiate fruits harvested in July 2011 (off-season) and January 2012 (regular harvest period). Fruit harvested in both periods were selected and exposed to radiation doses of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 Gy. All irradiations occurred at a rate of 0.46 Gy/h. After fruit irradiation, physical and chemical analyses were performed along a 20-day storage period at room temperature (24 ± 1ºC and 80 ± 5% RH). Irradiation of fruits harvested in July 2011 and January 2012 and treated with doses of up to 200 Gy did not affect the ascorbic acid content, but doses > 100 Gy caused skin yellowing of fruits harvested on both periods. Gamma radiation at doses = 50 Gy reduced the total soluble solids content in off-season fruits. Exposure of fruits harvested in the main harvest period to radiation doses = 150 Gy increased weight loss. Irradiation of ‘Tahiti’ limes at doses between 50 Gy and 700 Gy did not preserve postharvest quality during storage at room temperature.

scholarly journals Grafting Improves Tomato Salinity Tolerance through Sodium Partitioning within the Shoot

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 855-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Di Gioia ◽  
Angelo Signore ◽  
Francesco Serio ◽  
Pietro Santamaria
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Solids Content

Two greenhouse experiments were carried out to analyze the shoot sodium (Na+) partitioning, yield, and fruit quality of ‘Cuore di Bue’, a salt-sensitive heirloom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), ungrafted or grafted onto interspecific tomato hybrid rootstocks (S. lycopersicum × S. habrochaites) ‘Maxifort’ and ‘Arnold’ in 2009, ‘Arnold’ and ‘Armstrong’ in 2010, grown at different salinity stress (SS) levels (0, 20, and 40 mm of NaCl in 2009; 0 and 20 mm of NaCl in 2010). In both experiments, an interaction was observed between grafting combinations and SS levels in terms of fruit yield, and fruit juice Na+ content. Under no SS conditions, plant grafted onto ‘Maxifort’ and ‘Armstrong’ provided the highest yield in 2009 and 2010 experiments, respectively. In the presence of 20 mm of NaCl, plants grafted onto ‘Arnold’ provided a marketable yield 23.5% (on average) higher than plants grafted onto ‘Maxifort’ or ungrafted in 2009 and 33% (on average) higher than plants grafted onto ‘Armstrong’ or ungrafted in 2010. The further increase of SS to 40 mm of NaCl considerably reduced the productivity of all grafting combinations. At 20 mm of NaCl, plants grafted onto ‘Arnold’ showed also a higher capacity to modulate shoot Na+ partitioning with respect to ungrafted plants by increasing Na+ accumulation in older leaves (52%) and reducing Na+ content in younger and most active leaves (24%), thus enabling the maintenance of higher K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+, and Mg2+/Na+ ratios compared with ungrafted plants. Fruit total soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and dry matter were unaffected by grafting at any SS level, whereas under SS, the fruit juice Na+ content of grafted plants was consistently lower (from 19% up to 68%) than that of ungrafted plants. Under moderate SS conditions (20 mm of NaCl), the use of rootstock genotypes such as ‘Arnold’ having a particular ability to reduce Na+ accumulation in younger and most active leaves may increase tomato yield and enhance tomato nutritional value by reducing the fruit juice Na+ content.

scholarly journals (181) 1-Methylcyclopropene Pretreatment of Roma-Type Tomato Ameliorates Effects of Physical Impact

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1017A-1017
Author(s):  
Eunkyung Lee ◽  
Steven A. Sargent ◽  
Donald J. Huber
Keyword(s):  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Green Color ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Relative Production ◽  
Physical Impact ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Height Drop

Roma tomatoes (`Sunoma') were hand-harvested at the mature-green color stage and treated with 100 μL·L-1 ethylene for 60 h at 20 °C and 90% RH. Tomatoes at breaker ripeness stage (<10% red coloration) were sorted by weight (about 100 g) and half of the fruits were treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP; 1 μL·L-1 for 24 h at 22 °C). After 1-MCP treatment, individual fruits were subjected to double impacts over the marked locular surface with force equivalent to a 40-cm height drop using a pendulum impactor. In non-1-MCP treated fruit, impacts increased the maximum respiration rate by 27% (to 39.1 mL·kg-1 per h) and ethylene production by 24% (to 5.5 μL·kg-1 per h). Treatment with 1-MCP decreased relative production of both CO2 (56%) and ethylene (54%) over non-1-MCP treated fruit, while the ripening period (as measured by softening and color development) was extended 2.5 times, to about 8 d. Fruits treated with 1-MCP had increased TTA (about 40%; 0.58% citric acid equivalent), decreased pH (5%), and no difference in soluble solids content (3.7 °Brix); double impacts did not affect these values. Double impacts accelerated the onset of polygalacturonase (PG) activity by about 100% (to 99.8 mol·kg-1 per min*10-5 D-galacturonic acid) at day 6 over non-impacted control fruit. 1-MCP treatment delayed the onset of increased PG activity by 10 d over non-1-MCP treated fruit. Although 1-MCP alleviated the impact-induced increase in PG activity, PG activity recovered to rates similar to those of non-1-MCP treated fruit during the final 4 d of ripening.

scholarly journals Shelf life of custard apple treated with 1-methylciclopropene: an antagonist to the ethylene action

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Benassi ◽  
Guilherme Augusto Simões Francischini Correa ◽  
Ricardo Alfredo Kluge ◽  
Angelo Pedro Jacomino
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Custard Apple ◽  
Ethylene Action ◽  
Ethylene Antagonist ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Apple Fruits

Custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) presents very short storage life at room temperature, in part due to heavy losses in firmness. This process is associated with the production and action of the hormone ethylene. In order to retard the ripening evolution in custard apple, fruits were treated with the competitive ethylene antagonist 1-methycyclopropene (1-MCP) at concentrations of 0, 30, 90, 270 or 810 nL L-1 for 12 h at 25ºC and then stored at 25ºC for four days. The soluble solids content (SSC), firmness and percentage of ripe fruits (firmness < 0.5kg) were determined during the experimental period. There were no differences among treatments as to the SSC. Fruits treated with 810 nL L-1 of 1-MCP showed higher firmness than the control fruits. Both , non-treated or treated fruits with 30 or 90 nL L-1 ripened faster than fruits treated with 1-MCP at higher concentrations.

The influence of rootstocks on the composition of oranges, with special reference to bitter principles

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Kefford ◽  
BV Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Washington Navel ◽  
Solids Content

A study was made of the effects of rootstock on the composition of Washington Navel oranges grown on eight rootstocks and Valencia Late oranges grown on three rootstocks in several regions during six seasons. Among the three major commercial rootstocks, trifoliate orange and rough lemon exerted contrasting influences on orange composition, while sweet orange occupied an intermediate position. The effects of rootstock were similar on both scion varieties but were more marked with Washington Navel oranges. Trifoliate orange stock tended to give high yields of juice which was high in acidity and soluble solids content but low in ascorbic acid content and in bitter taste when canned. Rough lemon stock tended to give low yields of juice which was lam- in acidity and soluble solids content but high in ascorbic acid content and in bitter taste. A positive correlation was demonstrated between the bitter taste of canned juices and the concentrations of limonoid bitter principles in the peel of Washington Navel oranges, and in the peel and seeds of Valencia Late oranges. Trifoliate orange stock promoted the disappearance of bitter principles from all parts of the fruit with advancing maturity, but rough lemon stock retarded this process. Tangelo and Cleopatra mandarin stocks resembled trifoliate orange in their effects on orange composition. while sweet lime, Kusaie lime, and East Indian lime stocks resembled rough lemon.

scholarly journals Tolerance of `Valencia' Oranges to Controlled Atmospheres, as Determined by Physiological Responses and Quality Attributes

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dangyang Ke ◽  
Adel A. Kader
Keyword(s):  
Flavor Score ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Controlled Atmospheres ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Solids Content

`Valencia' oranges [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] tolerated up to 20 days of exposure to 0.5%, 0.25%, or 0.02% O2, at 5 or 10C followed by holding in air at 5C for 7 days without any detrimental effects on external and internal appearance. Oranges stored in 0.5%, 0.25%, or 0.02% O2 had lower respiration rates, but higher resistance to CO, diffusion and higher ethanol evolution rates than those stored in air at 10C. Similar, but less pronounced, effects of the low O2 atmospheres were observed at O and SC. Respiration rates, internal CO2 concentrations, and ethanol evolution rates were generally higher at 10C than at 0C, while resistance to CO2 diffusion was lower at the higher temperature. `Valencia' oranges kept in 60% CO2 at 5C for 5 to 14 days followed by holding in air at 5C for 7 days developed slight to severe injury that was characterized by skin browning and lowered external appearance scores. Juice color, soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid content were not significantly influenced by either the low O2 or the high CO2 treatments. However, these treatments increased ethanol and acetaldehyde contents, which correlated with the decrease in flavor score of the fruits. Ethanol content of the oranges transferred to air following low 02 treatment correlated with CO2 production rate of the fruits at the transfer temperature and was related to ethanol evolution and probably production rates after the transfer.

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