scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DAN ADMINISTRASI GUDANG MAJEMUK (STUDI KASUS KAROSERI PT. XYZ MALANG)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Denny Lukianto Kumala ◽  
Soetam Rizky Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Accurate Calculation ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Production Losses

In the manufacturing process Bus and Mini Bus, a lot of the raw materials required. Raw materials are stored at many warehouses (especially on Body PT. XYZ Malang). Materials / goods are highly vulnerable to lost or stolen. The most influential factor in it is the counting system inventory / materials and administration. These changes will have an impact on the process of goods more accurate calculation based on the demand of production. Losses will have a greater likelihood of being used if the system can not address the calculation of the goods/raw materials better.And administration system that can cope with the calculation of the goods/raw materials are better here is a system that can calculate expenditures for production based on the incoming bill alone, and can calculate the receipt of goods in accordance with the letter received by the supplier. The system can also provide reports based on existing transactions during a certain period.With the inventory system and the administration is then the difference between the goods that previously occurred can be minimized and raw material inventory accounting system can work better.

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH FLY ASH DARI PEMBAKARAN BATUBARA PADA PEMBUATAN SEMEN PCC (PORTLAND COMPOSITE CEMENT) DI PT SEMEN XYZ LAMPUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Septiyana Sari ◽  
◽  
Susanti Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
Composite Cement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Abstract This study discusses the use of fly ash waste from coal burning on the manufacture of PCC (Portland composite cement) at PT. XYZ Lampung. The purpose of this research is to look at the technical studies and the efficiency of raw materials in the use of fly ash in cement making, in this case PCC cement (Portland Composite Cement). The steps taken in analyzing the data in this study were viewed from a technical aspect by means of a physical test, namely the cement compressive strength test at the age of 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days using the Compression Testing Machine. This test was conducted to see the comparison of the compressive strength of PCC cement using limestone and fly ash as raw materials, then calculate the difference in raw material costs in the year before and after the replacement of limestone with fly ash. The results showed that cement with the addition of fly ash after 3 days, 7 days and 28 days had an increased compressive strength value, which increased 21.69%, 16.07% and 8.05% respectively of the compressive strength of cement using limestone. The use of fly ash as a substitute for limestone has an effect on the cost of raw materials, where the difference between the cost of raw materials in 2019 and the cost of raw materials in 2018 is Rp. 39,440,952,074.

scholarly journals Comparative anatomical and histological research of the roots of Rheum Palmatum L. And Rheum Officinale B.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Ksenia N. Semenyuta ◽  
Anna A. Shmygareva ◽  
Anatoly N. Sankov
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Histochemical Reaction ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Rheum Palmatum ◽  
Anthracene Derivatives ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Difference

Introduction. The aim of the study is to perform the anatomical and histological analysis of the roots of Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum officinale B., and also to check histochemical reactions for the presence of anthracene derivatives. Material and methods. The methodological basis of the anatomical and histological studies was the standard method for the preparation of micro-preparations of roots of Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum officinale B. described in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, XIV edition (OFS.1.5.3.003.15). Results and discussion. Anatomical and histological studies of Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum officinale B. raw materials confirmed the roots of Rheum palmatum L. to have classical secondary structure, while the roots of Rheum officinale B. have classical primary structure. The histochemical reaction to anthracene derivatives with 10% alkali solution was carried out, it resulted in cherry-red staining of core rays and some structures of cortical parenchyma of the fragment of Rheum palmatum L., while the roots of Rheum officinale B. failed to stain. Conclusions. The anatomical and histological studies of the rhizomes and roots of Rheum palmatum L. and Rheum officinale B. demonstrate the difference in the structure of closely related species of plants. It makes possible to identify the medicinal raw material of these plants.

scholarly journals PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DALAM PROSES PRODUKSI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-423
Author(s):  
Elia Rahayu R ◽  
Nor Norisanti ◽  
Acep Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Economic Order Quantity ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Order Quantity ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Inventory Cost ◽  
Total Inventory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

The purpose of this study is to control the supply of raw materials using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method in Tahu Nugraha Jaya Sukabumi UKM. The data analysis method used is quantitative descriptive to describe and describe the data to be examined and then processed using EOQ. This study uses the EOQ method to determine the total inventory cost. The data needed in this study are the number of purchases of raw materials, the amount of use of raw materials, storage costs, and ordering costs. The results of this study indicate that by applying the EOQ method can further optimize the supply of raw materials by minimizing raw materials with increased inventory. With the application of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method it shows more efficient than conventional methods of the company. Conclusions, seen from the difference in the TIC of the two methods, the more efficient method is the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method that is equal to 244,392.94 while the calculation used by the company is 374,325. so that it can be obtained that there is a difference between the Company TIC and the EIC method TIC. Keywords: Raw Material Inventory, Production Process

scholarly journals Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Volatile Organic Extractable to Investigate LLDPE and LDPE Polymers on Final Packaging for Semisolid Formulation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Cozzi ◽  
Benedetta Briasco ◽  
Enrico Salvarani ◽  
Barbara Mannucci ◽  
Filippo Fangarezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance

Plastic material is used for a wide variety of commercial packaging due to being inexpensive, lightweight, and due to its resistance. In pharmaceutics, container-content compatibility studies are required for product authorization. Many guidelines and publications are available; however, the information is often only related to the raw materials used to produce packaging. During the manufacturing process, substances can be added to improve the product characteristics and performance, resulting in a processed material that is considerably different from the unprocessed material. In this study, the mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) specimens fabricated according to standard ISO 527 and specimens fabricated with the same materials, but obtained from final packaging, were evaluated. Furthermore, we examined the interaction between a semisolid formulation and LLDPE and LDPE as a final packaging, by subjecting two samples to accelerated degradation testing. Then, mechanical properties and volatile organic extractable were evaluated. Simulated solar radiation did not induce changes in the packaging mechanical properties and no extracts were detectable. The thermal shock strongly influenced the mechanical behavior, and interactions between packaging contents were identified. The present work underlines the difference between analyzing the standard ISO specimens versus samples obtained from final packaging in order to evaluate the packaging under real use conditions. An evaluation on the final packaging, instead on standard specimens, can provide information about the plastic material after the manufacturing process and the interaction between packaging and content.

scholarly journals Metode Menentukan Klor dalam Sludge Oil: Perbandingan Metode Wet dan Metode Jena

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Herliati Rahman ◽  
Akhirudin Salasa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chlorine Content ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
The Difference

Currently, the use of alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) in the cement industry is very attractive. This is driven by demands for environmental sustainability and the efficiency of fuel and raw material costs. One of the materials that can be used as AFR is sludge oil. However, it needs to be ensured that the chlorine content in the sludge oil does not exceed the threshold so that it does not have a negative impact during the cement production process. It is known that if the chlorine content is more than the threshold, it can cause blocking or clogging of the separator and the kiln. This study aims to determine the performance of the Jena Multi EA 4000 instrument in determining the chlorine content in sludge oil quickly and accurately. Analytic Jena Multi EA 4000 is an Atomic Absorption Spectrometers (AAS) instrument that can be used for analysis of samples in the form of solids or slurries containing chlorine. As validation of the resulting analysis, the wet method is used, which as usual, to determine chlorine levels. From the statistic analysis, namely the F-test and T-test, We found that F-count equal to 0.0080 and F-table equal to 4.2839. it shows that F-count < F-table, indicating the difference in the variance of the two methods H0: s12 = s22 is accepted because there is no difference to the variability of these two tests and the value of T-count = -3.9717 and T-table = 2.1788 so that T-count <T-table is accepted because there is no difference in the average accuracy of the two methods H0: M1 = M2.  

scholarly journals Energy efficiency solutions for driers used in the glass manufacturing and processing industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
Roxana Pătrașcu ◽  
Eduard Minciuc ◽  
George Darie ◽  
Ștefan-Dominic Voronca ◽  
Andreea-Ioana Bădicu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement

Abstract Energy conservation is relevant to increasing efficiency in energy projects, by saving energy, by its’ rational use or by switching to other forms of energy. The goal is to secure energy supply on short and long term, while increasing efficiency. These are enforced by evaluating the companies’ energy status, by monitoring and adjusting energy consumption and organising a coherent energy management. The manufacturing process is described, starting from the state and properties of the raw material and ending with the glass drying technological processes involved. Raw materials are selected considering technological and economic criteria. Manufacturing is treated as a two-stage process, consisting of the logistic, preparation aspect of unloading, transporting, storing materials and the manufacturing process itself, by which the glass is sifted, shredded, deferrized and dried. The interest of analyzing the latter is justified by the fact that it has a big impact on the final energy consumption values, hence, in order to improve the general performance, the driers’ energy losses are to be reduced. Technological, energy and management solutions are stated to meet this problem. In the present paper, the emphasis is on the energy perspective of enhancing the overall efficiency. The case study stresses the effects of heat recovery over the efficiency of a glass drier. Audits are conducted, both before and after its’ implementation, to punctually observe the balance between the entering and exiting heat in the drying process. The reduction in fuel consumption and the increase in thermal performance and fuel usage performances reveal the importance of using all available exiting heat from processes. Technical faults, either in exploitation or in management, lead to additional expenses. Improving them is in congruence with the energy conservation concept and is in accordance with the Energy Efficiency Improvement Program for industrial facilities.

Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel, Perbandingan Jumlah Pelarut dan Waktu Maserasi terhadap Perolehan Rendemen Aquilaria Malaccensis Lam.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Miftahurrahmah Miftahurrahmah ◽  
Hasnah Ulia ◽  
Harmiwati N. H
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽  
Cosmetic Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Size Of Particles ◽  
Material Preparation

Aquilaria Malaccensis Lam. is one of the most popular plants contains essential oil, both of them used by pharmaceutical and also cosmetic industry. The plants used in this study came from Jambi, Indonesia which is known, It’s one of the best quality agarwood in the world. This study aims to determine the best conditions for the yield so that it can be produced on an industrial scale. The study reviewed the effect of yield based on size of particles, ratio of solvent, and the operating time, maceration. The research was carried out in three steps. The first, raw material preparation, fermentation and maceration, and then evaporation. Preparation of raw materials is prepared in three variables, 2-5 cm, ±2cm, and size <40 mesh. Methanol is the solvent that will be used in multiple ratio of solvent to agarwood, its 1:7, 1:9, and 1:11(gr/ml). In addition, the maceration time was varied for each sample, 1 day, 2 days, and 3 days. Based on the research variables, obtained essential oil of agarwood dark brown in colour, with a special fragrance of agarwood. Based on the difference in particle size, it is known that size <40 mesh, yield is 3.16%, while for the larger size, 2-5 cm, the yield is 3.12%. In the variable ratio of the amount of solvent used, it is known that 1:9 (gr/ml) is the best point for yield. At maceration step known that 2-3 days, it doesn’t gives a significant change, 2.12 g for 3 days, and 1.92 g for 2 days.

Characteristics of Nd:YAG Laser Welded 600MPa Grade TRIP and DP Steels

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 3967-3972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung Yun Kang ◽  
Tae Kyo Han ◽  
Bong Keun Lee ◽  
Jeong Kil Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Test ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Welding Speed ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weld Line ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
Dp Steel ◽  
The Difference

The characteristics of Nd:YAG laser welded 600MPa grade TRIP(transformation induced plasticity) and DP(dual phase) steels with respect to hardness, microstructures, mechanical properties and formability was investigated. A shielding gas was not used, and bead-on-plate welding was performed using various welding speeds at a power of 3.5kW. In the case of TRIP steel, the hardness was the highest at the fusion zone(FZ) and HAZ near the FZ and decreased as the base metal was approached. The maximum hardness increased with increasing welding speed to 3.6m/min and then remained. The microstructures of FZ and HAZ near the FZ consisted of ferrite and bainite for all welding speeds. In the case of DP steel, the maximum hardness was obtained at the HAZ near the FZ. It increased rapidly to 2.1m/min and then showed nearly the same value. The difference between the maximum hardness of HAZ and that of FZ increased with decreasing welding speed. The microstructure of FZ was composed of acicular ferrite but the HAZ near the FZ contained bainite and ferrite at a low welding speed. Both steels had similar tensile properties and formabilities. In a perpendicular tensile test to the weld line, all specimens were fractured at the base metal, and the strengths were somewhat higher than those of raw metals. In a parallel tensile test, the strengths of the joints were higher than those of raw materials but the elongations were lower. Formability was determined to be approximately 80% as compared with raw material at the optimum conditions. Differences in hardness near the welded zone was dependant on the relative contents of ferrite.

A Study of Stabilization and Recycling for Aluminum Dross

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 2237-2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsieh Kuo Cheng ◽  
T.H. Ueng ◽  
Ching Chyi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aluminum Carbide ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
Secondary Aluminum ◽  
Stabilizing Agents ◽  
Alkaline Environment ◽  
Aluminum Dross

In this study, a recycling process for stabilized secondary aluminum dross is proposed. Calcium oxide-containing materials, such as de-sulfur slag produced from steel manufacturing process, are used as stabilizing agents for secondary aluminum dross. The de-sulfur slag was first hydrolyzed. Due to the high content of calcium oxide (about 45%), hydration of de-sulfur slag can produce a solution with strong alkalinity (pH≧12). In the strong alkaline environment, the residual pernicious components in the aluminum dross, such as aluminum nitride, aluminum carbide and metal aluminum, are hydrolyzed and decomposed rapidly, resulting in the stabilization of secondary aluminum dross. The stabilized aluminum dross, therefore, was used as the raw material for preparing concrete bricks. In the subsequent concrete brick manufacturing process, the hydration reaction between stabilized aluminum dross and other raw materials can also produce strong alkaline environment (pH≧12), which further stabilizes the aluminum dross wastes, and produce high-pressure concrete bricks with satisfactory performance.

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