scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POLYMORPHISM OF THE GREEN TOAD BUFO VIRIDIS (LAURENTI, 1768) IN THE BIOCENOSES OF THE SOUTHERN URALS (REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
A.I. Fayzulin ◽  
◽  
F.F. Zaripova ◽  
M.V. Rubanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Bufo Viridis ◽  
Dark Background ◽  
Color Type ◽  
Green Toad ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Toad Bufo

The results of the study of the features of polymorphism of green toad populations in the conditions of the Trans-Urals of the Republic of Bashkortostan are presented. It was found that among the green toads in the urbanized territories of the Trans-Urals, individuals with the color type M3 ("light background, merged spots") and M4 ("dark background, merged spots") prevail. There was a decrease in the diversity index in the conditions of low-rise buildings (m=1.995), as well as industrial (m=2.843) and green zones (m=2.986) relative to the control areas (3.286<m<3.99).

WEDDING MUSIC AND POETRY FOLKLORE OF THE RUSSIAN POPULATION OF THE SOUTHERN URALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
N. A. Ursegova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Wedding Songs ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Wedding Music ◽  
Stylistic Unity

The traditional wedding song of the Russian population living on the territory of mining villages in the Beloretsk district of the Republic of Bashkortostan still remains little studied area of knowledge from the ethnomusicological point of view, and for the first time becomes an object of special research. Analytical base of the article are the expeditionary records made by students and teachers of philological faculty of the Magnitogorsk State University in 1995–1999 under the guidance of the candidate of philological sciences T. I. Rozhkova. The author of the article carried out the editing of song samples. The complex approach used in the article in the analysis of ritual texts, taking into account the results of philological, ethnographic and musicological classifications, allows to systematize the repertoire of the Beloretsk wedding, to distinguish two musical and stylistic groups — song-and-lament and song-and-dance groups. Each musical and stylistic group combines a part of the wedding repertoire, which is characterized by a certain set of typical features reflecting the specifics of the form, genre, and content of songs in their direct relationship with the condition and place of performance in the rite. The analysis of musical and stylistic originality of Russian wedding songs and lamentations is conducted at the level of verbal, syllabic, and pitch parameters of chants organization. The found regularities allow to draw a conclusion about the musical and stylistic unity of local ritual and non-ritual folklore genres, providing not only the preservation of the corpus of wedding songs and wedding rites, but also the vitality of the local singing tradition as a whole.

scholarly journals MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF CHANGES IN RIVER RUNOFF IN A LONG-TERM SECTION ACROSS THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
A.M. Gareev ◽  
E.M. Galeeva ◽  
V.V. Barinov
Keyword(s):  
River Runoff ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Observation Series ◽  
The Republic

The article reveals the main characteristics of the change in the values of the river runoff layer indicator in the long-term section across the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In previously published works related to 1990-2000, the statistical parameters of river runoff are considered without taking into account the changes that have occurred in the general population of the initial information. It is noted in the article that the calculations and estimates for the study of the peculiarities of changes in hydrometeorological conditions, carried out by us in recent years, indicate a violation of the homogeneity of the observation series. At the same time, attention is drawn to the fact that this trend is dependent on the influence of factors associated with global climate change. The article indicates that ignoring the facts reflecting the ongoing changes can affect not only the accuracy of the calculations, but also lead to the adoption of incorrect and unjustified decisions in the water sector and the assessment of environmental conditions in watercourses. The analysis was carried out according to the values of the annual runoff layer, the change in the indicators of the annual runoff of the rivers of the republic was calculated for two time intervals. As the boundary conditions between them, the year was taken, from which a rather clear tendency of the trend change in terms of the annual runoff values is revealed. Cartographic analysis of the information obtained was carried out using the ArcGIS software package. It has been established that during the period of noticeable climatic changes in most of the territory of the republic, there is a tendency to an increase in the values of the annual runoff layer. At the same time, the greatest indicators of change occur on the western slopes of the Southern Urals and the Ufa plateau within the republic. It was found that a noticeable decrease in the values of the annual runoff layer is observed over the territory of the Bashkir Trans-Urals.

scholarly journals ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF GRIMMIA (GRIMMIACEAE) IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-166
Author(s):  
L. A. Valitova ◽  
◽  
E. Z. Baisheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Vegetation Zones ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Data Book ◽  
The Republic

In the Republic of Bashkortostan, 13 epilithic moss species belonging to the genus Grimmia Hedw. have been found. An annotated list of species with information about the number of findings in different vegetation zones and a brief description of habitat conditions, as well as distribution map of species are provided. In study area, Grimmia species are more common in areas with volcanic rocks outcrops, i. e. the central part and the eastern slope of the Southern Urals, as well as in the Bashkir Trans-Urals. Habitat conditions of G. laevigata, G. longirostris and G. muehlenbeckii differ significantly by temperature and humidity. The species G. plagiopodia G. teretinervis, G. alpestris, G. anomala and G. tergestina are rare in Bashkortostan and recommended to be included in the appendix to the Red Data Book of the republic.

scholarly journals Plantains role in the composition of the Southern Urals grassy cover

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Daniel Nikolaevich Karpov ◽  
Stanislav Danielevich Karpov ◽  
Liliya Zaynullovna Atnasheva
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Taxonomic Rank ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Plantago Media ◽  
The Republic

The paper discusses the role and importance of various plantain species, found in the southern Urals in the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Orenburg Region. The paper contains description of the 7 species of plantain, their ecology, distribution, national economic significance, participation in various syntaxa extracted using eco-floristic approach of Brown-Blanke. Many of the species are plantains of taxonomic rank classes, orders, unions, associations: class SJ - Scorzonero-Juncetea gerardii, order SJg - Scorzonero-Juncetalia gerardii, union CH - Cirsio-Hordeion, TS class - Thero-Salicornietea, class FP-Festuco-Puccinellietea, order Fv - Festucetalia valesiacae, FB class - Festuco-Brometea, class M-A - Molinio-Arrhenantheretea. By origin they belong to different geographic elements: old Mediterranean meadow - Plantago cornuti Gouan; Pontian - Plantago maxima Juss. ex Jacq.; Euro-West Asian forest - Plantago media L.; Euro-West Asian forest-steppe - Plantago urvillei Opiz; Holarctic plyurizonalniy - Plantago major L. There is a species among the plantains that is found in the Red Book of the Republic of Bashkortostan - Plantago krascheninnikovii C.Serg. found in N.Yulbarisovo village of Khaybullinsky District (the Republic of Bashkortostan) near the Erangas river.

Segetal vegetation of the Southern Urals: alliance Scleranthion annui (Kruseman et Vlieger 1939) Sissingh in Westhoff et al. 1946

2018 ◽  
pp. 120-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Khasanova ◽  
S. M. Yamalov ◽  
M. V. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Chernozem Soils ◽  
The Republic

Segetal communities are the sets the weed plant species which are formed under the influence of edafo-climatic conditions and the mode of disturbance — the systems of processing of the soil in a crop rotation (so-called agrotechnical factor) (Mirkin, Naumova, 2012). The history of their study in the Southern Urals is more than 80 years old (Dmitriyev, 1935; Gaysin, 1950; Minibaev, 1961; Bakhtizin, Rakhimov, 1968; Denisova et al., 1970). Development of classification according to floristic approach has been begun in the 1980th by Ufa geobotanists. Results have been generalized in the collective monography (Mirkin et al., 1985). A repeated syntaxonomical analysis was carried out a long time later only for the Trans-Ural region of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Yamalov et al., 2007). The purpose of the present research is to reveal a phytodiversity of weed vegetation of the Southern Urals, using all available geobotanical data, and to develop its syntaxonomy. This paper presents the results of the classification of one of the three allocated alliances. The dataset contains 1171 relevés: 891 were performed by authors in the course of the 2002–2016 field seasons, while 280 are taken from the mentioned monography (Mirkin et al., 1985). All plots belong to class Papaveretea rhoeadis which combines annual weed vegetation of winter, summer and the row-crop cultures, gardens and initial stages of succession (Mucina et al., 2016). Within the class these are distributed between orders Aperetalia spicae-venti J. Tx. et Tx. in Malato-Beliz et al. 1960 and Papaveretalia rhoeadis Hüppe et Hofmeister ex Theurillat et al. 1995. Alliance Scleranthion annui (Kruseman et Vlieger 1939) Sissingh in Westhoff et al. 1946 goes to the first one, while Caucalidion Tx. ex von Rochow 1951 and Lactucion tataricae Rudakov in Mirkin et al. 1985 — to the second. The alliances are well differentiated floristically (Table 2) and according to zonal affinity. Alliance Scleranthion annui (Fig. 2) combines the most mesophyte communities distributed mainly on gray forest and soddy podzolic soils, rarer on other types of soils in the southern part of the forest zone and northern part of the forest-steppe one. Diagnostic group includes terophytes: Centaurea cyanus, Tripleurospermum perforatum, Euphorbia helioscopia, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Polygonum aviculare, Viola arvensis, Raphanus raphanistrum. Alliance Caucalidion (Fig. 3) combines communities on rich carbonate chernozem soils of the forest-steppe zone. It is intermediate between Scleranthion annui and Lactucion tataricae in zonal gradient. Diagnostic species are Galeopsis ladanum, Sonchus arvensis, Persicaria lapathifolia, Galeopsis bifida, Silene noctiflora, Erodium cicutarium, Thlaspi arvense, Galium aparine. They are also highly constant in communities of alliance Scleranthion annui in the forest zone, but are absent or low constant in these of alliance Lactucion tataricae in the steppe zone. Alliance Lactucion tataricae (Fig. 4) combines floristically impoverished communities in the steppe zone on south chernozem soils. Two species are diagnostic: hemicryptophyte Lactuca tatarica and terophyte Panicum miliaceum. There are 4 associations, 3 subassociations and 5 variants within the alliance Scleranthion annui. The ass. Linario vulgaris–Lactucetum serriolae ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 4, 5; holotypus — Table5, N 8) combines communities of winter and row-crop cultures, widely spread in the forest zone and northern part of the forest-steppe one on gray forest and soddy podzolic soils, which are common in the northernmost regions of the Cis-Urals within the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Some of them occur in northern flat forest areas as well as in the northern forest-steppe, while few of these are located in the foothill forest regions. Besides the species of alliance Scleranthion annui and class Papaveretea rhoeadis there are ruderal perennials of classes Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer et al. in Tx. ex von Rochow 1951 and Polygono arenastri–Poëtea annuae Rivas-Martínez 1975 corr. Rivas-Martínez et al. 1991, such as Artemisia absinthium, A. vulgaris, Plantago major, Elytrigia repens etc. which are character for disturbed habitats. Also important is the presence of apophytes of classes Molinio-Arrhenatheretea R. Tx. 1937 and Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei Th. Müller 1962 (Poa pratensis, Trifolium pratense, Knautia arvensis, Pimpinella saxifraga etc.) common in meadows and forest edges. The ass. Consolido regalis–Centaureetum cyani ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 6; holotypus — N 26) combines communities of winter and summer crops (wheat, rye, rarer barley), widely spread in forest zone and northern part of forest-steppe one. They are located on gray forest and soddy podzolic soils. Three subassociations are discribed within association according the agrotechnology of the prevailing culture. The ass. Galeopsietum bifidae combines communities of winter crops which were widely spread in a forest-steppe zone on the podzolic chernozem in the 1980th (Mirkin, et al., 1985). The association is intermediate between the alliance Scleranthion annui and Caucalidion. The ass. Euphorbio helioscopiae–Fumarietum officinalis ass. nov. hoc loco (Table 7, 8; holotypus — Table 8, N 9) combines communities mainly of the row-crop and the summer cultures in the forest zone in flat and mountain regions and also in northern part of the forest-steppe zone. They are located on gray forest soils and rarer on the podzolic chernozem. Differentiation of associations is illustrated by the DCA-ordination data (Fig. 6). The first axis is interpreted as a complex gradient of moistening and an agrocoenotic factor. Along the second axis of soil richness-salinity the communities on soddy podzolic soils are replaced by those on mountain variants of gray forest soils and the podzolic chernozem.

scholarly journals Resources of medicinal plants of the national park «Bashkiria» of the republic of Bashkortostan

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Polina S. Shestak ◽  
Boris Y. Chaus ◽  
Lilia A. Sultangareeva
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
National Park ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Plant Biodiversity ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Feather Grass ◽  
The Republic

Abstract. The vegetation of the Bashkiria National Park is one of the basic components for studying the flora and vegetation of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Accounting and protection of such plant biodiversity is important for their conservation and study. Based on the results of geobotanical surveys in the Bashkiria National Park in the spring-summer period of 2020, 270 species of medicinal plants belonging to 61 families were identified, of which the majority in terms of the number of species are represented by the families Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Ranunculaceae, Fabaceae and Apiaceae. Despite the fact that in geomorphological terms the national park is included in the region of low-mountainous relief of the eastern region of the mountains of the Southern Urals, medicinal plants belonging to meadow and forest coenotic groups prevail in the Bashkiria National Park. The presence of previously discovered species such as Rhodiola iremelica Boriss Rhodiola Iremel, Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench Sandy cumin, Cypripedium guttatum Sw. spotted ladys slipper, included in the Red Book of Bashkiria. In addition, Stipa pennata L. was found feather grass included in both the Red Book of Bashkiria and the Red Book of Russia.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF DISTRIBUTION OF CASES OF HEAVY RAINS IN THE FLAT AND MOUNTAINOUS PARTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
R.G. Kamalova ◽  
L.A. Kurbanova ◽  
R.R. Nigmatullina
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Weather Station ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Flat Part ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Heavy Rains

The article presents the results of a study of cases of heavy rains in the Republic of Bashkortostan. For a complete analysis, the authors also included cases of precipitation with a total of 15 mm or more for a period of no more than 12 hours. For the flat part of the Republic of Bashkortostan, urgent observation data were used at the Ufa-Dema weather station, for the mountainous part - at the Tukan weather station. Cases of heavy rains were detected from May to November in the period 1966-2018. The main regularities of the distribution of cases of heavy rains according to the criteria of the amount, timing, months of manifestation are shown. The statistical characteristics of cases for the periods 1966-1994 and 1990-2018 are compared. It was revealed that in the mountainous part of the republic, compared with the plain, there are a third more cases of heavy rains. Also, the orographic features of the Southern Urals caused the formation of 38 cases of dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena, while no cases were registered at the weather station of the Bashkir Urals under consideration.

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