درجة ممارسة القيادة الريادية لدى العاملين الإداريين في جامعة الأزهر بغزة وعلاقتها بالبراعة التنظيمية لديهم

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-190
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Organizational Ambidexterity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Leadership ◽  
Leadership Practice ◽  
Female Administrators ◽  
Correlational Approach ◽  
Palestinian Universities

ملخص: هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى درجة ممارسة القيادة الريادية لدى العاملين الإداريين في جامعة الأزهر بغزة وعلاقتها بمستوى البراعة التنظيمية لديهم، وذلك من وجهة نظرهم، وباستخدام المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي، والرجوع للأدبيات السابقة، تم بناء استبانة تكونت من (41) فقرة موزعة على (6) مجال، هي: (الإبداع، والرؤية الاستراتيجية، وتحمل المخاطرة، والمبادأة، والاستغلال، والاستكشاف)، وبعد التأكد من صدقها وثباتها، تم تطبيقها على جميع الإداريين في جامعة الأزهر وعددهم (208) موظفاً وموظفة وقد تم استرداد (189) استبانة بنسبة استرداد (91%)، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن درجة ممارسة القيادة الريادية لدى العاملين الإداريين كانت “مرتفعة” وبوزن نسبي (76.3%)، ومستوى البراعة التنظيمية لديهم كان “مرتفعاً” أيضاً، وبوزن نسبي (78%)، كذلك وُجدت علاقة ارتباطية موجبة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين درجة ممارسة القيادة الريادية لدى العاملين الإداريين في جامعة الأزهر ومستوى البراعة التنظيمية لديهم، ووجود أثر لممارسة القيادة الريادية لدى العاملين الإداريين في تحسين مستوى البراعة التنظيمية لديهم. الكلمات المفتاحية: القيادة الريادية، البراعة التنظيمية، الجامعات الفلسطينية. Abstract The study aimed to identify the degree of entrepreneurial leadership practice among administrators at Al-Azhar University in Gaza and its relationship to their level of organizational ambidexterity, from their point of view. The approach of the study was the descriptive / correlational approach. By referring to previous literature, a questionnaire was prepared consisting of (41) items distributed on (6) aspects: (creativity, strategic vision, risk tolerance, initiative, exploitation, and exploration) The researcher applied it after being sure of its validity and stability to all members of the study population: (208) male and female administrators at Al-Azhar University . (189) questionnaires were obtained from (208) distributed questionnaires, with a (91%) recovery rate. Results of the study showed that the degree of leadership practice among administrative workers had a “relative weight” of (76.3%), and their level of organizational ambidexterity had a “relative weight” of (78.0). A positive correlation was also found. Statistical significance between the degree of entrepreneurial leadership practice among administrative workers at Al-Azhar University and their level of organizational ambidexterity was also found. Moreover, results of the study also showed that practicing leadership among administrative workers improved to some extent their level of organizational ambidexterity. Keywords: Entrepreneurial leadership, Organizational ambidexterity, Palestinian universities.

scholarly journals The Degree to which Principals of Private Schools in Gaza Governorates Practice the Servant Leadership and its Relation to the Quality of their Schools’ Learning: درجة ممارسة مديري المدارس الخاصة بمحافظات غزة للقيادة الخادمة وعلاقتها بجودة تعليم مدارسهم من وجهة نظر المعلمين

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Omar Darwish Al-Helo
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Relationship Of

This study aims at identifying the degree to which principals of private schools in Gaza governorates practice the servant leadership and its relation to the quality of their schools’ learning, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. The study population consists of all male and female teachers of the private schools in Gaza governorates, whose number is (1212) teachers. The questionnaire was applied to a sample of (297) male and female teachers. Two questionnaires were designed; the first is to determine degree to which principals of private schools in Gaza governorates practice the servant leadership. It consists of (43) paragraphs divided into three fields. The second is to determine the level of quality of their schools’ learning and consists of (22) paragraphs. The degree to which principals of private schools in Gaza governorates practice the servant leadership from the point of view of the teachers was high, with a relative weight of (75.24%). There were no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α ≤ 0.05) between the mean scores of the sample estimates to the degree of school principals’ practice to the quality of school learning attributed to the variables (scientific qualification, years of service). There is a direct positive relationship of a statistical significance between the degree of practicing servant leadership and the level of learning quality of their schools.

scholarly journals Evaluating the role of Palestinian universities in facing disasters and managing crises in light of the Corona pandemic: تقييم دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في مواجهة الكوارث وإدارة الأزمات في ظل جائحة كورونا

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdel-Majeed Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Fourth Level ◽  
Random Manner ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Palestinian Universities

The study aimed to identify the degree of evaluation of a sample of Palestinian university students in the governorates of Gaza for its role in responding to disasters and crisis management in the light of the Corona epidemic, and to discover whether there was statistical significance at the level of significance between the average evaluation of the sample members for this role because of the variables: (sex, the college). To achieve this, the researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach by applying a questionnaire consisting of (34) paragraphs on (412) male and female students from the fourth level and above who were tested in a simple random manner. The results showed that the sample evaluation. The role of universities in disaster response and crisis management in light of the Corona epidemic was of great importance in relative weight (78.33%). There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores for the evaluation of the sample individuals for this role due to the sex variable, in favor of males, while there are no differences due to the college variable. The study recommended that universities should analyze the reserve capacity of their resources during this phase and merge the stage of prevention of repercussions with the stage of preparedness for confrontation.

scholarly journals Research into Individual Factors Affecting Safety within Airport Subsidiaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5219
Author(s):  
Jin-Hwan Bae ◽  
Jin-Woo Park
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Bias ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Unsafe Behavior

This study’s purpose is to demonstrate that, from the point of view of employees in subsidiary companies, individual factors, notably attitude towards risk, cognitive bias, knowledge and experience, and risk perception, have generated unsafe behavior and unsafe conditions and have undermined safety performance through risk tolerance. The data underpinning this research were derived from a survey of employees working in subsidiary companies within the vicinity of Incheon International Airport. In total, 409 questionnaires were analyzed using network structural equation modeling (SEM), a methodology representing, estimating, and testing relationships. This analysis has demonstrated within the bounds of statistical significance (a) that the attitudes towards risk, knowledge and experience, and cognitive bias affect risk tolerance and (b) that risk tolerance influences unsafe behavior, unsafe conditions, and safety performance. This research is the first to apply the accident causal model to the airport industry, and its conclusions can be used for accident prevention within Incheon International Airport’s subsidiaries.

نمط الاقتصاد الفلسطيني وانعكاسه على معدلات بطالة خريجي الجامعات في فلسطين

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-277
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Palestinian Economy ◽  
Palestinian Universities ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Random Method

ملخص: هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف إلى نمط الاقتصاد الفلسطيني وانعكاسه على معدلات بطالة خريجي الجامعات في فلسطين، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي بأسلوبه التحليلي، مستعيناً باستبانة طبقت على خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية (الإسلامية، الازهر، الأقصى) وقد بلغت عينة الدراسة (420) خريجاً وخريجة، وذلك باستخدام طريقة عشوائية، وقد أسفرت الدراسة عن مجموعة من النتائج، أهمها أن درجة تقدير خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية لنمط الاقتصاد الفلسطيني الداعم لحل مشكلة بطالة الخريجين جاءت بدرجة متوسطة وبوزن نسبي (67.80%)، في حين أظهرت أن درجة تقدير معدل بطالة خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية من وجهة نظرهم جاءت بدرجة كبيرة وبوزن نسبي (69.80%)، وفي ضوء هذه النتائج اقترح الباحث مجموعة من التوصيات أهمها: استحداث تخصصات جديدة مرتبطة بسوق العمل الفلسطيني لكي يتم الموازنة بين المهنين والأكاديميين لتوفير الفرصة للجميع الخريجين للانخراط بسوق العمل الفلسطيني والعمل بما يتوافق مع احتياجات سوق العمل الفلسطيني الكلمات المفتاحية: الاقتصاد الفلسطيني – البطالة – خريجي الجامعات الفلسطينية. Abstract The study aimed to identify the pattern of the Palestinian economy and its reflection on the unemployment rates of university graduates in Palestine. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive method in his analytical style, using a questionnaire applied to the graduates of the Palestinian universities (Islamic, Azhar, Al Aqsa). The study sample reached (420) graduates , using a random method. The Palestinian graduates estimation of the pattern of the Palestinian economy in support of solving the problem of unemployment of graduates reached a medium and a relative weight (67.80%), while the degree of appreciation of the unemployment rate of Palestinian university graduates from their point of view came to a great extent and a relative weight (69.80%). These results were suggested. The researcher has a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: the development of new disciplines related to the Palestinian labor market in order to balance between professionals and academics to provide the opportunity for all graduates to engage in the Palestinian labor market and work in accordance with the needs of the Palestinian labor market.

أداء القيادات الأكاديمية ودورها في تحقيق متطلبات التميز التنظيمي للجامعات الفلسطينية من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-81
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Academic Leaders ◽  
Correlation Relationship ◽  
Organizational Excellence ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Palestinian Universities

ملخص: هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى مستوى أداء القيادات الأكاديمية ودورها في تحقيق متطلبات التميز التنظيمي للجامعات الفلسطينية من وجهة نظر أعضاء هيئة التدريس، وباستخدام المنهج الوصفي، والرجوع للأدبيات السابقة، تم بناء استبانة اشتملت على (54) فقرة موزعة على (5) مجالات، هي: (أداء القيادات الأكاديمية، والتميز في تقديم الخدمة، والتميز في الهيكل التنظيمي، والتميز المعرفي، والتميز التكنولوجي). وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن مستوى أداء القيادات الأكاديمية في الجامعات الفلسطينية كان مرتفعا، وأن درجة توافر متطلبات التميز التنظيمي في الجامعات الفلسطينية كانت مرتفعة، كذلك وُجدت علاقة ارتباطية موجبة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين أداء القيادات الأكاديمية في الجامعات الفلسطينية، ودرجة توافر متطلبات التميز التنظيمي في الجامعات الفلسطينية، ومن أبرز توصيات الدراسة ضرورة عقد دورات تدريبية متخصصة للقيادات الأكاديمية. الكلمات المفتاحية: القيادات الأكاديمية، التميز التنظيمي، الجامعات الفلسطينية. Abstract The study aimed to identify the level of academic leaders and their role in the requirements of organizational distinction for Palestinian universities from the point of view of faculty members, and by using the descriptive approach, and with reference to the previous literature, a questionnaire consisting of (54) items distributed into (5) fields was conducted, namely: (Performance of academic leaders And distinction in service provision, distinction in organizational structure, technological distinction, and technological distinction. The study found that the performance level of academic leaders in Palestinian universities was high, and the degree of availability of organizational excellence requirements in Palestinian universities was high. Also, a positive correlation relationship with statistical significance was found between the performance of academic leaders in Palestinian universities, and the degree of availability of organizational distinction requirements in In light of these results, the study recommended the necessity of holding specialized training courses for academic leaders.

تقييم دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 481-514
Keyword(s):  
Relative Weight ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Leadership Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Palestinian Universities ◽  
Descriptive Method

ملخص: هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي من وجهة نظر العمداء وأعضاء هيئة التدريس، واستخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (180) فرداً من عمداء الكليات وأعضاء هيئة التدريس، تم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائية من الجامعات الفلسطينية(الأزهر، الإسلامية، الأقصى)، طبقت عليهم استبانة في الفصل الدراسي الثاني 2017/2018م، مكونة من (24) فقرة، موزعة على أربعة مجالات، هي: أهمية دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي، الخطط الاستراتيجية للجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي، ومتطلبات دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي، ومعوقات دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي. وقد كشفت النتائج أن أهمية دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي من وجهة نظر العمداء وأعضاء هيئة التدريس جاءت بوزن نسبي (74.0%) درجة كبيرة، كما بلغ الوزن النسبي لدرجة تضمين الخطة الاستراتيجية لدور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي (70.6%) درجة كبيرة، والوزن النسبي لدرجة توافر متطلبات دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي (74.7%) درجة كبيرة ، وبلغ الوزن النسبي للمعوقات التي تحد من دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي (79.1%) درجة كبيرة. وكشفت النتائج عن عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقديرات أفراد عينة الدراسة نحو تقييم دور الجامعات الفلسطينية في تحقيق التعليم الريادي من وجهة نظر العمداء وأعضاء هيئة التدريس تعزى لمتغيرات (العمل، الجنس، سنوات الخدمة)، كما أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في تقديرات أفراد عينة الدراسة تعزى لمتغير مكان آخر مؤهل علمي، وقد قدمت الدراسة عدد من التوصيات والمقترحات. الكلمات المفتاحية: تقييم- دور- الجامعات الفلسطينية- التعليم الريادي. Abstract achieving leadership education from the point of view of deans and faculty members. The study used the analytical descriptive method. The study sample consisted of 180 respondents from the deans of the faculties and faculty members, Al-Azhar, Al-Azhar, Al-Aqsa, Palestine), applied a questionnaire in the second semester 2017/2018, consisting of (24) paragraphs, divided into four areas: the importance of the role of Palestinian universities in achievingpioneering education; Pioneer, and MT Pat the role of the Palestinian universities in achieving leadership education, and the role of obstacles to Palestinian universities in achieving the leading education.The results revealed that the importance of the role of Palestinian universities in achieving leadership education from the point of view of the deans and the faculty members came at a relative weight of 74.0%. The relative weight of the strategic plan for the role of Palestinian universities in achieving leadership education was 70.6% Availability of the requirements of the role of Palestinian universities in achieving the leading education (74.7%). The relative weight of the obstacles that limit the role of Palestinian universities in achieving the leading education was 79.14%.The results revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the estimation of the role of the Palestinian universities in achieving the pioneering education from the point of view of the deans and faculty members due to the variables (work, gender, years of experience). The results showed no significant differences In the estimates of the sample members of the study attributed to the variable of the place of another scientific qualification, and the study made a number of recommendations and proposals. Keywords: Evaluation – Role – Palestinian Universities – Pioneering Education

The role of educational media in meeting the scientific needs of students in light of the Corona pandemic from the point of view of Palestinian university students in the west bank: دور الإعلام التربوي في تلبية احتياجات الطلبة العلمية في ظلّ جائحة كورونا من وجهة نظر طلبة الجامعات الفلسطينية في الضفة الغربية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (26) ◽  
pp. 90-74
Author(s):  
Heba Khalid Sleem, Yousef Jaber Alawwneh Heba Khalid Sleem, Yousef Jaber Alawwneh
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Educational Media ◽  
The West ◽  
University System ◽  
Palestinian Universities ◽  
Total Average

  This study aimed to identify the role of educational media in meeting the scientific needs of students in light of the Corona pandemic from the point of view of Palestinian university students in the west bank and to achieve the objectives of the study the descriptive analytical approach was adopted and a questionnaire of (30) paragraphs (337) was developed and distributed among students of Palestinian universities in the West Bank, and then statistically processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS.) Palestinian university students came up with a total average of (3.49 out of 5), and this result means that the role of educational media in meeting the scientific needs of students ranged from high to low. As it appeared, there were no statistically significant differences at the level of indication (0.05α=) in the average responses of the study sample members towards the role of educational media in meeting the scientific needs of students in the light of the corona crisis attributable to each of the variables (gender, university system) while there were differences attributable to both the variable (practical college and place of residence, based on the results of the study). The researchers recommended that educational media should focus on providing students with new experiences in their field of educational media and that all Palestinian universities should allocate more than one educational broadcast in order to provide opportunities for all students in all disciplines to learn.

Challenges facing human resources management in applying modern concepts of human resources management – An applied study on private hospitals in Khamis Mushait –: التحديات التي تواجه إدارة الموارد البشرية في تطبيق المفاهيم الحديثة لإدارة الموارد البشرية - دراسة تطبيقية على المستشفيات الخاصة بخميس مشيط –

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bader Yahya Alshahrani, Adullah Ali Alammar
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Resources Management

A study entitled the challenges facing human resource management in applying the modern concepts of human resources management by applying to the hospitals in Khamis Mushait. This study aims to identify the challenges facing human resource management in applying modern concepts of human resources management. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, of the nature of the study, while the questionnaire was used as a main tool for data collection. The study population is from the private hospitals in Khamis Mushait. The sample of the study was 91 workers. The study reached a set of results. Maha: The challenges of the external environment are the most influential in the application of modern concepts of human resources management in the hospitals of Khamis Mushait, while the application of modern concepts of human resources management in private hospitals in Khamis Mushait medium degree with a relative weight (65.80%). The results showed no differences Statistical significance among the opinions of hospital staff in Khamis Mushait on their appreciation of the challenges facing human resource management in applying the modern concepts of human resources management due to the gender variable and the variable age, the variable of scientific qualification and the variable years of service. To study the need to apply modern concepts of human resources management as an essential part of the culture of the institution, and to create a permanent relationship between management and employees to promote the application of modern concepts of human resources management, and attention to continuous training to develop the skills of staff and develop their abilities to achieve development of the hospital.

Leadership Styles of Public Schools Principals in the City of Hail in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: أنماط القيادة لدى مدراء مدارس التعليم العام في مدينة حائل في المملكة العربية السعودية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (41) ◽  
pp. 161-138
Author(s):  
Fahad Husain Alshammari Fahad Husain Alshammari
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Public School Principals ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Study Population ◽  
High Degree

    This study aimed to: Identify the leadership style prevailing among public school principals in Hail from the teachers ’point of view, and to reveal the statistical significance of the differences in the estimates of the study sample individuals of the leadership style prevailing among school principals, which may due to variables of (educational stage, number of years of experience, and specialization). The researcher used the descriptive method, and prepared a questionnaire consisting of (24) statements distributed to (3) dimensions, which are: Democratic style, authoritarian style and chaotic style. The current study population included all the teachers of public education schools in Hail, who numbered (9390) teachers. The questionnaire was applied to a random sample of (296) teachers. The study found a set of results, the most important of which are: The prevailing leadership style among school principals is the democratic style, followed by the authoritarian style, and then the chaotic style. Where the democratic style obtained a mean (4.18) and a high degree of approval from the study sample, while the domineering style obtained a mean (1.83) and a low degree of approval from the study sample, and the chaotic style obtained an average (1.73) and a low degree of approval. Very members of the study sample. The results also showed that there are statistically significant differences in the degree of the study sample’s estimates of the leadership style prevailing among school principals due to the variable of years of experience, while there are no statistically significant differences in the degree of the study sample’s estimates of the leadership style prevailing among school principals due to the variables of the educational stage or specialization. In light of these results, the researcher recommended organizing training courses for school principals to enlighten them about the modern trends in educational leadership, and urged school principals to follow the democratic style of administration.

scholarly journals A framework for the Saudi universities governance to achieve competitive advantage in decision making according to the aspirations of Vision 2030

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem Thabet Mohammad Bny Zeed Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Public Universities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Department Heads ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
King Saud University ◽  
The Public ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Department Directors

The study aimed at identifying the degree of applying the visual management strategies and the obstacles of applying them in the public universities in Riyadh region in light of the vision of the Kingdom in 2030. In addition, it aimed at identifying the statistical significance differences on the implementation of the visual management strategies from the point of view of department heads according to the variables of gender, Years of service). The researcher followed the descriptive approach. The study community is composed of all department directors at the public universities in Riyadh, specifically King Saud University, Princess Norah Bint Abdul Rahman University, and Saudi Electronic University. The sample of the study was limited to a randomly selected sample of 137 department heads in the public universities under study. The tool consisted of a two-pronged questionnaire, namely the degree of application of the visual management strategies. It includes three sub-axes (rules of operation, disinfection, and elimination of waste), the second axis: obstacles to the implementation of visual management strategies. The results of the study came out with a number of results, the most important of which were: After the implementation of the business rules strategy, a total average of (3.74 of 5) was achieved with a grade of (large), followed by the clearance strategy with an average of (3.61 of 5) (3.53). The results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the respondents' responses to the implementation of the visual management strategies of the heads of departments In the universities in question are due to the variables (gender, female favor, In addition to the number of years of experience and for the benefit of their experience 5 years than less. In addition, there were statistically significant differences between the responses of the sample members on the obstacles of visual administration in the heads of departments at King Saud University, Princess Nora University, In the Riyadh region in view of the vision of the Kingdom in 2030 due to the gender variable. And for the benefit of males. There were no statistically significant differences between the responses of the sample members on the obstacles of visual administration in the heads of departments due to the variable (years of experience, qualification). In the light of the results, a set of recommendations and proposals were presented to activate the implementation of the visual management strategies in the public universities in Riyadh and other Saudi universities in light of the vision of the Kingdom in 2030.      

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