Eficiência da técnica de electrospraying na encapsulação de compostos lipídicos aplicados a alimentos: uma revisão sistemática

Encapsulation techniques have been used to overcome problems such as instability and degradation of compounds sensitive to process conditions in food production. Electrospraying is a current method, which enables the production of micro and nanocapsules of compounds, which can be incorporated into food. This review provides readers with an overview of the application of electrospraying to natural lipids intended for food application. The objective of this review was to gather articles published on the production of lipid compounds microcapsules via electrospraying and to verify the efficiency of the application of this technique in lipid compounds of importance in the food field. The present study consists of a systematic review using the Periódicos CAPES and the Science Direct databases as research bases. About 139 studies were found, being selected 9 to compose the present study. Based on the results of the studies, it was found that the electrospraying technique for the microencapsulation of lipid compounds provides for obtaining uniform capsules with a regular structure, which are desirable characteristics. This technique helped in the protection of bioactive and thermosensitive compounds, such as β-carotene and omega-3. The application of the method provided oxidative stability to oils during the storage period of the capsules. It was concluded that electrospraying is an efficient technique for microencapsulation of lipid compounds, with advantages, compared to other methods, of promoting the formation of micro or nanocapsules, with regular shape, quickly and without the need for high temperatures.

Ectopic Adrenal Gland in Mesosalpinx: A Case Report and Literature Review

A case of ectopic adrenal gland tissue in mesosalpinx is reported. A 52-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital for irregular vaginal bleeding for 2 months. Ultrasound scan showed multiple hypoechoic masses in the myometrium of the anterior wall of uterus with regular shape and clear boundary. Laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy were performed. In the course of pathological diagnosis, we accidentally found ectopic adrenal gland tissue in the left mesosalpinx. We believe this is worthy of reporting since this case is rare.

Numerical Integration Implementation Using Trapezoidal Rule Method To Calculate Aproximation Area Of West Java Province

An area can be shaped into a regular shape or an irregular shape. There is an area of irregular shape which is restricted by an unknown function, to determine that area must use a numerical integration. One of numerical integration methods is Trapezoidal Rule by replacing (????) with an integral approach function which can be evaluated, then let the (????) approximated by a linear polynomial in the certain interval, denoted as closed interval . This study is going to calculate the area of West Java Province by using this method with several different number of partitions in each quadrant such as, 9 partitions, 11 partitions, and 36 partitions in for different quadrants. This study provides the final result of the approximate area which will be compared with the actual area based in the error of result. The main finding is the approximate total area will be closer to the actual area followed by the increasing number of partitions.

Tungsten Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is the process that allows the production of complex geometry and lightweight components. Thanks to the high density of refractory metals, AM could be a possible solution for their application in the aerospace field and for biomedical or future nuclear fusion devices. Yet, Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) of refractory metals as Ta, Mo, and W faces some challenges due to their main properties: high melting point, heat conductivity, and susceptibility to cracks.The purpose of this study is to optimize the process parameters in order to produce high-density Tungsten parts by LPBF on an EOS M100 (maximum power of 170 W). The characterization is performed through physical properties measurements and microstructural analysis. Single Scan Tracks (SSTs) are produced on the top surfaces of Tungsten blocks to evaluate the process parameters that give regular-shape and continuous melt-pools. Both analytical and experimental optimizations of process parameters were performed. Micro-hardness measurements were done for dense bulk specimens. Finally, a description of susceptibility to cracks of additively manufactured Tungsten was performed.

Effect of Process Conditions and Colloidal Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals Suspensions on the Production of Hydrogel Beads

The influence of the physical, rheological, and process parameters on the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) drops before and after external gelation in a CaCl2 solution was investigated. The dominant role of the CNC’s colloidal suspension properties, such as the viscous force, inertial, and surface tension forces in the fluid dynamics was quantitatively evaluated in the formation of drops and jellified beads. The similarity and difference between the behavior of carbohydrate polymers and rod-like crystallites such as CNC were enlightened. Pump-driven and centrifugally-driven external gelation approaches were followed to obtain CNC hydrogel beads with tunable size and regular shape. A superior morphological control—that is, a more regular shape and smaller dimension of the beads—were obtained by centrifugal force-driven gelation. These results suggest that even by using a simple set-up and a low-speed centrifuge device, the extrusion of a colloidal solution through a small nozzle under a centrifugal field is an efficient approach for the production of CNC hydrogel beads with good reproducibility, control over the bead morphology and size monodispersion.

TO THE QUESTION ABOUT TWO CULTURAL-CHRONOLOGICAL GROUPS OF FLINT INVENTORY OF THE KRASNY GORODOK SITE

The Krasny Gorodok site, explored in the late 1980s, has long attracted the attention of specialists in the Neolithic. There archaeologists discovered a small but very interesting collection of ceramics. At the same time, the flint complex of the site raised several questions even at the stage of primary comprehension of the material, and researchers made assumptions about the presence of two cultural-chronological groups of flint materials in the complex of the site. In connection with the expansion of the source base on the Early Neolithic and Mesolithic of the forest-steppe Volga region, as well as the acquisition of a significant array of natural science data, it became necessary to verify the conclusions drawn by more than a quarter of a century ago. In particular, the question of the homogeneity of the flint collection of the site and the possibility of identifying an early admixture remains relevant. During the reanalysis of the flint collection of the Krasny Gorodok site, about 600 units of stone artifacts were examined. This complex was divided into two groups depending on the color and quality characteristics of the flint. The first group is represented by artifacts made of high-quality flint of gray color and its various shades. The second group includes artifacts made of low-grade colored flint, mainly brown and of various shades of brown, without a stable shape. The first group is characterized by a large orientation towards obtaining plates of a regular shape and their relatively high specific gravity (23%). In addition, this type of raw material was used to make all the angular cutters on the plates found at the site and, in general, most of the tools were made from plate blanks. The collection of tools made of colored flint is less indicative, however, one can state a lesser orientation towards obtaining plates from this type of raw material and, predominantly, their irregular shape, while few tools were made on flakes and chips. In our opinion, the marked differences between the first and second groups of stone products from the site are of a cultural and chronological nature. The first group of flint, in terms of raw materials, shape and technique of making tools and applying retouching on them, can be attributed to the era of the late Mesolithic of the forest-steppe Volga region. The second group, in terms of the nature of the raw materials and the morphology of tools, belongs to the Early Neolithic.

Diagnosis of alveolodental ankylosis in unerupted canines: one of the answers to why the canine does not come

ABSTRACT Introduction: Teeth frequently fail to erupt and situations arise that prevent the canines from reaching the occlusal plane. Objective: Discourse about the three situations in which the canine does not reach the occlusal plane, and remains unerupted; and at the same time, point how to make a safe diagnosis of alveolodental ankylosis - one of the three causes -, based on tomography. Conclusions: Ankylosis occurs in impacted teeth by atrophy of the periodontal ligament, including the epithelial rests of Malassez. The tomographic signs of alveolodental ankylosis in unerupted canines are the interruption of hypodense periodontal space, discontinuity of the lamina dura and its continuity with the root surface, which gradually loses its regular shape.

Digital Image Processing based Surface Area Calculation

The objective of current work is nondestructive measurement of surface area of regular or irregular shape just from image. Surface area calculation is mathematical part which needs to remember number of formulas and all for regular shape. It becomes more tedious if the shape whose area is to be calculated is irregular. In some cases such as mountain or lake measurement of dimension is also cumbersome task. To find the solution for such cases in today’s world of automation, the proposed work describes reference object based area calculation system which is based on different techniques of digital image processing. In this we have to click an image of object (whose area is to be calculated) along with one reference object with known surface area. Then the proposed system will perform image enhancement and segmentation operation and finally calculate the surface area of any 2-D surface. It is observed that the values obtained are having with good correlation with actual surface area values.