The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Enterprise Risk Management Adoption by Commercial State Corporations in Kenya

The adoption of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) by State Corporations in Kenya is a mandatory requirement and yet, the information on levels of adoption amongst Commercial State Corporations, most of which continue to experience poor performance due to weak governance is scanty. The objective of the study was to establish the relationship between transformational leadership and enterprise risk management adoption. This study adopted a positivist research philosophy and cross-sectional survey design approach. The target population comprised all the Commercial State Corporations in Kenya listed in the register of State Corporations Advisory Committee (SCAC) as at January 2021. The unit of analysis was the 52 Commercial State Corporations and unit of observation was top management of each entity. The researcher applied purposive sampling to select top management and surveyed the total population of top management that derived a sample size of 364 participants. The study used primary data which was collected through structured questionnaires. The descriptive and inferential statistics was employed in the analysis. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 22) was used in regression modeling for prediction and causal inferences between study variables. The study findings indicated that Transformational Leadership has a significant relationship with ERM adoption. The study recommends that commercial state corporations embrace transformational leadership in order to enhance ERM adoption. Keywords: Transformational Leadership, Enterprise Risk Management & Commercial State Corporations

About the professionalism of the teacher in the conditions of distance learning

The article provides a review of the scientific psychological and pedagogical literature on the issue of the study of the teacher's professionalism in the conditions of the implementation of distance learning. For a modern teacher, the formation and development of his own professional and pedagogical competence becomes important, which, in accordance with the existing professional standards of pedagogical work, can be represented by such components of competence as the presence of certain personal characteristics that are of priority importance for scientific and pedagogical activity; the ability to motivate students to achieve the goals of educational interaction; understanding of the goals and objectives of pedagogical activity, the subject and its content and assimilation; skills and abilities to develop programs of pedagogical activity and readiness to make pedagogical decisions; possession of information culture and information and communication technologies in various forms of education; competence in the organization of their pedagogical work. Among the key digital competencies of teachers currently distinguish such as the use of information technology in everyday teaching work, the possession of digital tools to evaluate the results of pedagogical activity, the use of information tools to expand the educational opportunities of students, the development of skills for creating and sharing digital resources, etc. One of the significant results today is the expansion of the professionalism of teachers (unexpectedly for them), the development of new technical knowledge, skills, skills in the implementation of distance learning, mutual assistance and psychological and pedagogical support for both students and teachers at various stages of the distance learning process. Possession of information technologies for the transmission and presentation of educational material, a certain level of information culture, methods of digital and e-learning is a mandatory requirement for a teacher, which allows him to holistically build a distance learning process, develop and update his professional competencies and, thus, realize the set learning goals.

Is the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (∆Ψ) Correctly Assessed? Intracellular and Intramitochondrial Modifications of the ∆Ψ Probe, Rhodamine 123

The mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψ) is the driving force providing the electrical component of the total transmembrane potential of hydrogen ions generated by proton pumps, which is utilized by the ATP synthase. The role of ∆Ψ is not limited to its role in bioenergetics since it takes part in other important intracellular processes, which leads to the mandatory requirement of the homeostasis of ∆Ψ. Conventionally, ∆Ψ in living cells is estimated by the fluorescence of probes such as rhodamine 123, tetramethylrodamine, etc. However, when assessing the fluorescence, the possibility of the intracellular/intramitochondrial modification of the rhodamine molecule is not taken into account. Such changes were revealed in this work, in which a comparison of normal (astrocytic) and tumor (glioma) cells was conducted. Fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry, and mass spectrometry revealed significant modifications of rhodamine molecules developing over time, which were prevented by amiodarone apparently due to blocking the release of xenobiotics from the cell and their transformation with the participation of cytochrome P450. Obviously, an important role in these processes is played by the increased retention of rhodamines in tumor cells. Our data require careful evaluation of mitochondrial ∆Ψ potential based on the assessment of the fluorescence of the mitochondrial probe.

Study on the production of Reference Material (RM) for Vitamin B1, B2, B6 in health supplements

Vitamins are essential nutrients commonly found in food products in general and health supplements in particular. In order to accurately evaluate product quality, laboratories need to use reference material in analysis, proficiency assessment, method validation and ensure the validity of the results. The use of reference materials plays an important role in the quality control of test results and is a mandatory requirement for laboratories wishing to demonstrate appropriate competence as required by ISO/IEC 17025:2017. The need to provide reference materials for laboratories is huge. However, at present, there are very few domestic organizations that can produce reference materials, while the cost of buying reference materials from reputable firms in the world is expensive. In this study, we introduced the procedure and production reference materials for the analysis of B-group vitamins (B1, B2, B6). These reference materials were evaluated for homogeneity and stability in 322 days. The certified values are consistent with the concentrations of substances present in normal samples in practice. The measurement uncertainty ranges from 14.5 - 23.3 %. The reference materials can be used for internal quality control for domestic laboratories and is also a premise for further research on standard samples with different matrix and analytical criteria.

Onco-pharmacist led evaluation of knowledge, attitude & practice (KAP) of safe handling cytotoxic drugs among health care professional's (HCP's) in tertiary care hospital: A hospital based interventional Study

Background Cytotoxic drugs (CDs) are hazardous in nature. But it is necessary for the treatment in cancer patients. The healthcare professionals (HCPs) act as a facilitator through which the manufactured CDs reach the patient. However, safe handling of CDs becomes a primary concern not only for the recipients but also for the HCPs. Methods On Ethics committee approval, a prospective- interventional study was conducted among HCPs who are involved in handling of CDs in Oncology department of tertiary care hospital. The participants were screened for their eligibility criteria & 73 HCPs were recruited. The initial data was collected from the HCPs through interview & questionnaires. Later the participants were trained by oncology-pharmacist (7–8 months) for safe handling of CDs. After the training the participants were tested again through interview & questionnaires. Results 73 participants, (75%) nurses & (25%) physicians were included in the study. Among these participants, only 32.87% underwent training on reconstitution whereas 67.12% of the participants didn't undergo any training. The increase in mean score of KAP after the training was observed to be 3.44 ± 4.32, 1.23 ± 1.51 and 1.3 ± 1.01 respectively. Conclusion The study concludes that mandatory requirement of training for HCPs using SOP's by qualified oncology-pharmacist to minimize the hazardous effects of CDs. It also highlights the improvisation techniques for handling of CDs will enhance the safety profile of HCPs & the patients, which helps in refining the quality of pharmaceutical and health care services provided in the cancer care settings.

A New Dual Polarity Direct AC-AC Voltage Regulator Ensuring Voltage Step-Up and Step-Down Capabilities

The problem of voltage sag and swell is one of the major reasons for low-quality power in the distribution system. Normally, it results from the system’s faults, including line-to-ground and line-to-line, non-linear characteristics of loads and sources. Its effect is very serious for the critical loads as their performance is very sensitive to the variation in voltage. The stabilization of voltage is a mandatory requirement in such a situation. The correction of such problems requires the addition and subtraction of the voltage once the line voltage is decreased and increased. This behavior of the correcting voltage is ensured by the use of voltage controllers that can convert a constant input voltage into a non-inverted and inverted variable form. Their voltage gains depend on the depth level of the problem. The voltage buck and boost capabilities of the AC voltage stabilizers can tackle the problems having any depth level. The smartness of such a system depends on the number of electronic devices as they are the key elements in the power conversion system. Therefore, this research proposes a new AC voltage controller with fewer solid-state devices. Its overall impact is low volume and cost. The validation of the introduced approach is ensured with the help of simulation modeling and results gained from the practical setup.

The revision of separate requirements for the position of investigator

Issues and problems in the field of organization and activities of the preliminary investigation bodies in terms of implementation of the legal status of the investigator, as well as ways for their resolution are constantly in the focus of lawyers. The current state concept for training investigative personnel along with the system of qualification requirements for the position of an investigator of the Investigative Committee of Russia (hereinafter - the IC of Russia) have serious shortcomings. The fact is that there are no interrelated educational stages for a candidate for this job; there is neither any mandatory requirement for practical experience and career ladder in this field. As a result, a large number of investigators serving in the Investigative Committee of Russia simply do not have reasonable qualification and, accordingly, are not prepared for investigative work, which ultimately leads to a general decrease in the quality and effectiveness of preliminary investigation. This is absolutely unacceptable for a developed democratic and law-governed state. Lacking relevant practical experience and task-oeirented training, novice investigators are trusted to make important procedural decisions that significantly affect the life of a particular person. In this regard, a properly developed state concept, as well as a system of qualification requirements for the position of an investigator, including interrelated stages of its achievement, will contribute to the formation of highly qualified and trained investigative personnel that will favourably effect the entire preliminary investigation service.

CFD PREDICTION OF THE TRAJECTORY OF HOT EXHAUST FROM THE FUNNEL OF A NAVAL SHIP IN THE PRESENCE OF SHIP SUPERSTRUCTURE

The superstructure of a modern naval ship is fitted with multitude of sensors for electronic surveillance, weapon discharge, navigation, communication and varieties of deck handling equipment. Locating these electronic equipment/sensors and its integration on board is of paramount importance to achieve optimal operational performance of the naval vessel. Among the many problems in locating these sensors (like stability, EMC EMI etc.,), the presence of entrapped hot gases from the ship exhaust affects the functioning of these electronics. Hence the prediction of temperature profile and trajectories of the ship exhaust plume from the funnel around the superstructure during the design stage is a mandatory requirement for positioning the sensors on superstructure. This trajectory prediction is not amenable to theoretical analysis or empirical calculation procedures in the modern warship superstructure. Experimental and CFD studies conducted on ship superstructure are the only reliable tools that are available to estimate temperature field as well as to study the exhaust smoke superstructure interaction on ships. This paper presents the CFD simulation of the published results for two cases, namely hot jet in a cross flow and hot exhaust with a cross flow on a generic frigate. Simulations have been made using k-ɛ turbulence model with different values of turbulent Schmidt number. It has been observed that temperature field is predicted with reasonable accuracy with turbulent Schmidt number of 0.2.

Multi Zone Smart Well Completions Challenges in Highly Deviated Wells and Its Impact on Well Planning and Field Development

In multilayered reservoirs, major focus has been on the usage of smart well completion technologies to help improve recoveries, particularly with technological improvements and an increasing expanse of opportunities in more challenging and rewarding assets. The fundamental focus has been to design well completions that integrate several surface/subsurface sub zones and automate the flow control from each zone. In Multi zone Smart Completion Wells where significant investment is made to complete smart wells with remotely controlled inflow control valves (ICV), reservoir sweep & drain accessibilities becomes decisive when evaluating the efficiency of recovery and long-term field development strategy. Smart completion designs for multi-lateral wells present many challenges in terms of completion deployment and interventions in life of well. The complexity of operations increases with deviation, type of completion equipment, number of zones and planned interventions. In offshore, UAE a similar multilateral well was designed to be completed with 4 zone smart completion and had a mandatory requirement of accessibility to lower most drain (for future interventions) with the ability to plug the lower drain till future requirements arises. A solution is to utilize nipple & blanking plug in lower most drain, which was implemented in this well. Upon successful deployment of completion, plug was retrieved on coil tubing and lower drain accessibility was confirmed. However, during re-installation of blanking plug on coil tubing in deviated section, issues were encountered to pass through the ICV profiles. In attempts to pass through ICV profiles, blanking plug and running tool got disconnected from coil tubing, leaving the fish inside one of ICV valve. Several attempts were made to retrieve the blanking plug with rig on coil tubing without success by using thru-tubing fishing equipment options available in country. Well was suspend to work-out fishing strategy & evaluate availability of fishing equipment worldwide. Consideration was done for design and manufacture application specific fishing tools to perform workover with barge for such smart completion, as it includes a number of downhole components that makes its retrieval more challenging, and there are no standard procedure or provision in place to retrieve such complex completions in highly deviated section. A barge was mobilized with coil tubing, which performed the fishing operation as planned. Careful selection of equipment's, BHA and operational parameters resulted in successful retrieval of blanking plug & running tools. Accessibility to well was gain and confirmed. This paper presents the situation that was faced, the remedial work done to complete well, fishing operations and the subsequent factors considered for choice of equipment and operation on well. This paper concludes a detailed account of factors to consider for planning smart completions in horizontal multilateral wells & the successful fishing operation – an excellent example of how careful planning, dedicated project management, specialized design fishing tools, experienced personnel and a collaborative relationship between team's leads to a successful operation and prevented an extremely expensive workover of a high technology completion well.

Hukum Safar bagi Wanita Tanpa Mahram Menurut Mazhab Syāfi’ī dan Hambalī

This study aims to find out the views of the Syāfi'ī and Hanbalī schools in the issue of safar for women without the company of mahrams. The research methods used are qualitative research through juridical-normative and comparative-analysis approaches. Where the research data focuses on the study of manuscripts and texts obtained through the classical jurisprudies of the two mażhabs, such as kitab al-um, Majmῡ', al-Mugnī, and other books related to safar for women without the company of mahram. The results of this study show that the Syāfi'ī school is of the view that in safar it is mandatory to do so with the position of the mahram that can be replaced by a trusted Muslim woman, or with a muslim girl group if the journey is safe from evil for herself and her religion. As for the view of the Hanbalī school, the existence of mahram is mandatory in women's safar, where this mandatory requirement applies in every obligatory journey or purpose of obligatory worship, even more so in the worship of sunah or safar mubah, and the tendency of this opinion refers to the specificity of the propositions about safar. An opinion that is more relevant to the current conditions in safar law for women without mahrams is the Syāfi'ī school, because it sees the changes and circumstances of the present times and also has the propositions naqlī and 'aqlī as supporters of this opinion, but still prioritizes the existence of mahram when it wants to bersafar.