Phase Role in the Non-Uniformity of Main-Line Couplings in Asymmetric Extracted-Pole Inline Filters

The use of classical symmetrical polynomial definition to synthesize fully canonical inline filters with an asymmetrical distribution of the transmission zeros along the topology leads to the occurrence of uneven admittance inverter in the main-line. This form introduces some limitations to transform such topology into a ladder network. Despite circuital transformation can be used to accommodate both technology and topology, it is usual that extra reactive elements are necessary to implement phase shifts required to achieve the complete synthesis. This article introduces a novel method able to determine the required phase correction that has to be applied to the characteristic polynomials in order to equalize all the admittance inverters in the main path to the same value. It has been demonstrated that a suitable pair of phase values can be accurately estimated using a developed hyperbolic model which can be obtained from the transmission and reflection scattering parameters. To experimentally validate the proposed method, a Ladder-type filter with asymmetrical polynomial definition has been synthesized, fabricated, and measured, demonstrating the effectiveness of the developed solution.

A Comprehensive Ayurvedic Review on Arma and its Management

Arma is a disease of Shukla mandala. In Ayurveda it has been described under Shuklagta Sadhya Vyadhi. This is a disease in which, a wing like triangular fibro-vascular layer or structure gradually encroaching towards the Krisna Mandala from either Kaneenika (Inner canthus) or Apanga Sandhi (outer canthus) of the eye. If this layer invades the cornea (Krisna Mandala) which is transparent in nature causes damage of the transparency of that part of cornea and thereby may cause disturbance in vision. On the basis of signs and symptoms described by the modern medical science, the disease ‘Arma’ can be correlated with Pterygium. This article gives a brief description about Nidanpanchak described in Samhita related to Arma in which Nidan, Purvroop, Roopa, and Sampapti ghatak described in detail. Along with Nidanpanchak detail description of types of Arma, Sadhya-asadhyatv, Chikitsa vivechan, Updrav, and Pathya-pathya mentioned in Samhita. The first and foremost method of treatment of Arma is Chedana Karma. However in the initial stage it can be treated with Lekhana Anjanas. Lekhan and Chedan is the main line of treatment of Arma. This article also defines the surgical procedure of Arma.

The First Main Line in Russia

The article is dedicated to the 170th anniversary of the first Russian railway main line St. Petersburg–Moscow. The country’s railway transport, as the main type of transportation, has a rich history and remarkable patriotic, labour, scientific, and technical traditions. We must remember them. The emergence of railways in Russia, as in other countries of the world, was accompanied by many problems that needed to be solved: financing methods, types of ownership, track gauge, types of traction and signalling, traffic management and control, competition with other modes of transport, etc. The stage of emergence of railways in Russia is very instructive. What extreme points of view were expressed, and how long did it take to start building main lines? After the society realised the need for construction of railways, it became obvious that the costs required are not affordable neither for the state, nor for creditors, nor for private entrepreneurs. To better understand how construction of the first railway in Russia was conducted, the article offers many illustrations.

Teaching Innovation and Practice of Communication Principle Course

Communication principle course is the core basic professional course of communication engineering major. It is theoretical and practical very much. Because boring and difficult to learn, it is easy to become a "bird course". By reshaping the course content with the main line of "system" and "connection", the Trinity course education scheme is established, including the professional knowledge based on connection view, multi-dimensional practical exercise, and quality improving integrated with ideological and political education in courses. The results of feedback survey show that the reformed teaching of communication principle course has achieved good effect.

The Marginal Reality of Humor

The relevance of the work is due to the presence of a contradiction between the prevalence of humor, its ubiquity and ubiquity in social reality and its rather weak research as a phenomenon of this social reality. The main line of existing research on the nature of humor is connected with the study of it as a statement with a special (contradictory) logic. The purpose of this article is to study the nature of humor not so much within the framework of a separate statement with a special logic but as a phenomenon that constructs social reality, as well as the place of humorous reality among other types of social reality. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the constructivist approach, by the method of reconstruction of the humorous text. As a result of the study, the hypothesis of the existence of humor as a certain layer between referential realities (Zh. Derrida) is supplemented by the idea of constructing in a humorous utterance on the basis of these referential realities a special independent reality of humor, which remains marginal within the framework of the discourse in which referential realities are realized. Humor destroys the contingent logic of discourse in a certain semantic field, comparing previously disparate realities. The construction of humorous reality within the semantic field of professional knowledge performs other functions than outside of it (for example, in everyday knowledge). The absence or limitation of jokes about the knowledge sacred to the system, which belongs to the nuclear part of the corresponding discourse that constructs the system, is a protective mechanism for this system, which stabilizes society. The results of the study are a continuation of the development of the constructivist approach in ontology and social philosophy and can serve as a basis for studying the ways of constructing realities in society

A REVIEW ON BASTI CHIKITSA IN PRAMEHA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

Prameha is a Tridoshaja Vyadhi with Kapha predominance. It is a lifestyle disorder and Charaka explains it as a Santarpana Janya Vyadhi, caused due to overindulgence in heavy and richly nutritious food, daytime sleep, lack of exercise, other sedentary habits and not doing seasonal purification. All these etiological factors are responsible for the formation of Vitiated Meda and Kleda (deliquesce) i.e. Abhishyanda. The disease is mainly characterized by Prabhuta and Avila Mutrata. Prameha can be correlated with Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology, characterized by an increase in plasma blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Globally, an estimated 463 million adults are living with Diabetes. Diabetes Currently affects more than 62 million people which is more than 7.1% of India’s adult population. As Prameha is a Santarpana Janya Vyadhi, Apatarpana is the main line of treatment. Charaka explains various Shodhana procedures in Prameha and contraindicates Basti in it, as it will increase the progress of the disease. But still, Acharyas explain various Basti Karmas for Prameha. Hence here is an attempt to critically analyse Basti Karma as a line of treatment in Prameha.

Criticism of capitalism and socialism in the philosophy of Nikolai Berdyaev

Philosophical understanding of the economy and economics is not the main, but significant topic of the reflections of Russian religious philosophers. It is important to trace the specifics of the formation of the Russian view on the economy and economics, on the basic principles of the economic systems’ structure (among which we can single out capitalism and socialism), since the interpretation of Russian thinkers, including N. А. Berdyaev, cannot be included in the mainstream of Western economic thought. The article examines the criticism of capitalism and socialism in the post-revolutionary works of Nikolai Berdyaev, highlights the key contradictions of the two basic principles of economic organization with the post-revolutionary views of the thinker, which were significantly strengthened after the revolutionary events of 1917; these views can be conditionally called socialist-personalistic. Inheriting the tradition of Russian thought, Berdyaev unequivocally rejects the capitalist principles (in many respects this attitude was formed by the period of his legal Marxism), while he assesses socialist concepts ambiguously, with a certain amount of sympathy for the very socialist formulation of the problem of justice and the fight against “slavery”, exploitation of a man by a man. The article indicates the main line of criticism of Christian socialism by Berdyaev, and also describes his preferred variant of socialism, that he called “social personalism”.

A New Semi-Quantitative Process Safety Assessment Method and Its Application for Fluorochemical Industry

Traditional hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP) is one of the most widely applied methods for process safety management in process enterprises. Due to its principles based on the conservative and qualitative judgment, it often leads to too conservative risk identification results for the fluorine chemical industry usually with high-risk processes to keep the continuity of production. Most of improved quantitative and semi-quantitative methods are based on the layer of protection analysis (LOPA) to resolve the over-conservative problem of traditional HAZOP with the database of LOPA. However, the improved model, taking LOPA as the main line and HAZOP only as the provider of scenarios and influencing factors, is limited to the fact that LOPA can only analyze complete and independent protection layers (IPLs). Therefore, in order to realize the quantitative or semi-quantitative analysis of disaster causes and consequences, a new semi-quantitative HAZOP method takes HAZOP as the main line to integrate LOPA, F&EI (fire and explosion index) for quantitatively calculating the reduction factors, probability on failure demand (PFD) of general protection layers (GPLs) and PFD of IPLs. With the case comparison of fluorine chemical industry, it is proved that this new method can effectively improve the problem that traditional HAZOP are too conservative in complex scenarios.

Symbolics of the Soul in the «Black and Blue» Book of Poems by A. Ladinsky (On the Question of the Artistic World Specifics)

The article considers a representation of the soul and its symbolism in the «Black and Blue» (1930), the first book of poems by A. Ladinsky in the aspect of poetic anthropology. As a representative of the Parisian poetic branch of the first emigration wave, A. Ladinsky constructs a unique artistic universe based on the opposition of the earthly and heavenly aspects of human existence. The poet’s work reflects the conceptual understanding of the dichotomy, expressed by the physical-material «bottom» and the divine-spiritual «top», produces the actual- ization of the «soul» microcosm as a value-semantic center of the depicted world. The analysis of A. Ladinsky’s poems, based on the combination of anthro- pological, semiotic, and mythopoetic approaches to the artistic text, shows that in the poetics of the «Black and Blue» the idea of the soul is revealed in a system of interrelated, but not identical to each other personifications and symbolic signs. The article indicates four key parameters of the soul representation: 1) its objec- tification in the mythological images of the Muse and Psyche; 2) actualization of «flight» and «lamentation» motifs symbolizing and universalizing the views of the exiled human fate and the experience of death; 3) the contact of the earthly and heavenly existence dimensions realized through such symbols of the soul as a «butterfly», «breath», «smoke», a «heart»; 4) the endowment of the soul with the status of «eternal femininity» embodying the beloved who is ideal and therefore inaccessible to the male lyric «self». It is concluded that in A. Ladinsky’s mythopoetic universe the soul embod- ies the indelibility of the vital movement of the opposed microcosm and macro- cosm. Therefore, in the conception of the «Black and Blue» the myth of the im- mortal human soul becomes the main line assisting to understand the deep antinomies of the universe.

Ramp Metering with Microscopic Gap Detection Algorithm Design and Empirical Acceleration Verification

Freeway on-ramp areas are susceptible to traffic congestion during peak hours. To delay or prevent the onset of congestion, ramp metering can be applied. A Ramp Metering Installation (RMI) controls the inflow from the on-ramp to the main line so that the total flow can be kept just below capacity. Current ramp metering algorithms apply macroscopic traffic characteristics, which do not entirely prevent inefficient merging behavior from occurring. This paper presents a microscopic ramp metering approach based on gap detection in the right-hand lane of the main line. As preparation for the analyses, trajectory data were collected, by which the mean and standard deviation of driver accelerations were calculated. Simulation, including driver acceleration, is used to test the ramp metering controller. Overall, it shows travel-time savings compared with no-control and compared with existing macroscopic ramp metering systems. Especially during periods of very high main line demand, the microscopic control approach is able to achieve additional travel-time savings. This way, the proposed algorithm can contribute to more efficient road usage and shorter travel times.