The Role of AI-Based Integrated Physical Security Governance for Optimizing IoT Devices Connectivity in Smart Cities

A smart city aims at developing an ecosystem wherein the citizens will have instant access to amenities required for a healthy and safe living. Since the mission of smart city is to develop and integrate many facilities, it is envisaged that there is a need for making the information available instantly for right use of such infrastructure. So, there exists a need to design and implement a world-class physical security measures which acts as a bellwether to protect people life from physical security threats. It is a myth that if placing adequate number of cameras alone would enhance physical security controls in smart cities. There is a need for designing and building comprehensive physical security controls, based on the principles of “layered defense-in-depth,” which integrates all aspects of physical security controls. This chapter will review presence of existing physical security technology controls for smart cities in line with the known security threats and propose the need for an AI-enabled physical security premise.

Intelligent Engineering Construction Management

Architecture is an important part of the city, and construction is an indispensable procedure of urban development. From the perspective of “smart construction sites,” this chapter describes the basic system architecture of intelligent information management system for engineering construction and introduces how to use information technology such as internet of things and artificial intelligence to improve the management capacity of engineering construction from the perspective of personnel management, quality management, safety management, equipment management, and environmental management. This chapter also analyzes the advantages and problems of intelligent construction sites in project management and gives specific measures and suggestions to realize smart construction sites.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence for Smart Agriculture

Smart cities is the latest buzzword towards bringing innovation, technology, and intelligence for meeting the demand of ever-growing population. Technologies like internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), edge computing, big data, wireless communication are the main building blocks for smart city project initiatives. Now with the upcoming of latest technologies like IoT-enabled sensors, drones, and autonomous robots, they have their application in agriculture along with AI towards smart agriculture. In addition to traditional farming called outdoor farming, a lot of insights have gone with the advent of IoT technologies and artificial intelligence in indoor farming like hydroponics, aeroponics. Now along with IoT, artificial intelligence, big data, and analytics for smart city management towards smart agriculture, there is big trend towards fog/edge, which extends the cloud computing towards bandwidth, latency reduction. This chapter focuses on artificial intelligence in IoT-edge for smart agriculture.

Policy Recommendations on the Application of AI to the Development of Smart Cities

Building a smart city requires maintaining “wisdom” in concept, which requires scientific top-level design to properly handle the contradiction between partial interests and overall interests. Its ultimate goal of urban development is to serve people, so equal importance should go to both construction and operation. This chapter emphasizes trading-off some relationships in smart city development, such as diversity and homogeneity, technology orientation and demand orientation, information sharing and information security, the invisible hand of the market with the visible hand of the government, etc.. Finally, it puts forward adopting the development mode that drives overall development through typical examples as a good way.

Interpretation of the Construction Standard of Smart City Standard Systems

Intelligent cities are the inevitable trend of urban information construction, but in this inevitable trend, how one ensures the construction achievement of smart city, takes full action to maximum efficiency of information, and avoids losses are very worthy of consideration. Based on the background of intelligent cities, this chapter explains the related concept of management and service and risk and operation. Clarifying the related problems, and giving relevant suggestions as well as applications based on the current social development, further direction is provided.

Application of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process for Evaluation of Ankara-Izmir High-Speed Train Project

In Turkey, where important projects are materialized in transportation and logistics field, different alternatives are developed for transportation systems. Among these, high-speed train (HST) systems are the most popular transportation types. HST is preferred for many economic, technological, ecological, and social situations. In this chapter, it is made the evaluation of the Ankara-İzmir HST line. The fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, is used in the evaluation. Fuzzy logic contributes to decision making using linguistic variables in uncertain environment. This chapter takes into consideration in the realization of the HST project some criteria such as the places in the railway line, the population structure of the cities, accessibility, and accession to significant logistical points. As a result, “population structure” criterion among the evaluation criteria was found to have more importance.

Intelligent Engineering Construction Management

Urban infrastructure has a large regional span and long cycle, so it has the significant characteristics of large amounts of engineering data, strong surrounding environment uncertainty, and high engineering risk. This chapter explains how to fuse the heterogeneous information of BIM and GIS models to realize smooth roaming through the lightweight and hierarchical processing of the model. Aiming at multi-dimensional and high-frequency time series data, this chapter introduces the MFAD-URP abnormal event diagnosis model based on the meta-feature extraction and self-encoding recursive map technology, which is used for early warning of emergency events, and introduces the method of comprehensive engineering emergency management information system and disposal process design after emergencies. The chapter takes the remote intelligent management of the shield tunnel engineering as an example and describes how to build a platform-level multi-engineering information management system to provide effective remote guidance on issues such as progress and safety.

Smart City Service

Urban infrastructure, a crucial part of the city, is being developed on a large scale under the rapid development of smart cities. The operation and maintenance (O&M) phase is increasingly complex, and the information to be processed is cumulatively massive. So, the significance of urban infrastructure O&M is gradually being realized by the public. Recently, research in Building Lifecycle Management (BLM) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) has partly improved technological innovation and management level of urban infrastructures O&M. However, there are still deficiencies in the research of BIM, VR/AR, internet of things, pervasive computing, big data, and other emerging technologies applied in urban infrastructure O&M, as well as the realization of intelligent service functions. Therefore, based on existing research and oriented to the development need of smart city, this chapter takes “intelligent service for urban infrastructure under the concept of lifecycle” as core to conduct a discussion on how to solve practical problems in the urban infrastructure O&M.

The Development of Smart Cities in the World

In this chapter, the development of some typical smart cities are illustrated, and the successful experiences are summarized. The authors first overviewed the smart city development in China as the government-oriented mode. Shanghai and Hangzhou are taken as examples. They then overviewed smart city development in Europe and America. Finally they analyzed innovation is the key for smart city, including continuous innovation of AI technology and its application, innovative residents, innovative enterprises, innovative government, and innovative organizational platform.

Definition and History of Smart Cities

This chapter summarizes the development of cities, in terms of structural tendencies and the essence and problem of traditional cities. Then the definition of smart cities and their characteristics are discussed. Therefore, the development of AI (artificial intelligence) is the origin and technical basis of smart cities. Through big data and cloud computing, AI will reinvent traditional cities. Finally, varied applications of artificial intelligence technology in smart cities are explored including basic infrastructures such as monitoring systems, urban transportation, urban planning, and public services, such as medical and health, security, and varied fields in life.