scholarly journals Minimal Redundancy Linear Array and Uniform Linear Arrays Beamforming Applications in 5G Smart Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Satyanand Singh
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Linear Arrays ◽  
Sparse Arrays ◽  
Spatially Correlated ◽  
Minimal Redundancy ◽  
Half Power

Minimum Redundancy Linear Arrays (MRLAs) and Uniform Linear Arrays (ULAs) investigation conducted with the possibility of using them in future 5G smart devices. MRLAs are designed to minimize the number of sensor pairs with the same spatially correlated delay. It eliminates selected antennas from the entire composite antenna array and preserves all possible antenna spacing.  MRLAs have attractive features for linear sparse arrays, even if the built-in surface is deformed, it works without problems. To our knowledge, MRLAs have not been applied to smart devices so far. In this work, a 7-element ULAs and 4-element MRLAs (same aperture) were used for the simulation. The Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW) is 0.666 and the Null-to-Null Beamwidth ( ) is 1.385 in ψ-space. In comparison, the standard 4-element arrays are 1.429 and 3.1416, while the standard 7-element linear arrays are 0.801 and 1.795 respectively. Experimental results show that 4-element MLRAs have a narrower mean beam, much higher sidelobes and shallow nulls. Therefore, in terms of main lobe features, 4- elements MRLAs have an improvement over the standard 7-element ULAs. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-SP1-05 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Full snapshot reconstruction in hybrid architecture antenna arrays

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Trigka ◽  
Christos Mavrokefalidis ◽  
Kostas Berberidis
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Angle Of Arrival ◽  
Music Algorithm ◽  
Array Structures ◽  
Signal Sources

AbstractIn the context of this research work, we study the so-called problem of full snapshot reconstruction in hybrid antenna array structures that are utilized in mmWave communication systems. It enables the recovery of the snapshots that would have been obtained if a conventional (non-hybrid) uniform linear antenna array was employed. The problem is considered at the receiver side where the hybrid architecture exploits in a novel way the antenna elements of a uniform linear array. To this end, the recommended scheme is properly designed so as to be applicable to overlapping and non-overlapping architectures. Moreover, the full snapshot recoverability is addressed for two cases, namely for time-varying and constant signal sources. Simulation results are also presented to illustrate the consistency between the theoretically predicted behaviors and the simulated results, and the performance of the proposed scheme in terms angle-of-arrival estimation, when compared to the conventional MUSIC algorithm and a recently proposed hybrid version of MUSIC (H-MUSIC).

scholarly journals Triangular Slot-Loaded Wideband Planar Rectangular Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Houjun Sun ◽  
Umair Rafique ◽  
Zhang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Rectangular Patch ◽  
Half Power

This paper presents a design of a triangular slot-loaded planar rectangular antenna array for wideband millimeter-wave (mm-wave) 5G communication systems. The proposed array realizes an overall size of 35.5 × 14.85 mm2. To excite the array elements, a four-way broadband corporate feeding network was designed and analyzed. The proposed array offered a measured impedance bandwidth in two different frequency ranges, i.e., from 23 to 24.6 GHz and from 26 to 45 GHz. The single-antenna element of the array consists of a rectangular patch radiator with a triangular slot. The partial ground plane was used at the bottom side of the substrate to obtain a wide impedance bandwidth. The peak gain in the proposed array is ≈12 dBi with a radiation efficiency of >90%. Furthermore, the array gives a half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of as low as 12.5°. The proposed array has been fabricated and measured, and it has been observed that the measured results are in agreement with the simulated data.

scholarly journals Micro Non-Uniform Linear Array (MNULA) for Ultrasound Plane Wave Imaging

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Yujia Tang ◽  
Zhangjian Li ◽  
Yaoyao Cui ◽  
Chen Yang ◽  
Jiabing Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plane Wave ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Uniform Linear Array ◽  
Imaging Technology ◽  
Linear Arrays ◽  
Imaging Quality ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Wave Imaging ◽  
Laboratory Technology

Ultrasound plane wave imaging technology has been applied to more clinical situations than ever before because of its rapid imaging speed and stable imaging quality. Most transducers used in plane wave imaging are linear arrays, but their structures limit the application of plane wave imaging technology in some special clinical situations, especially in the endoscopic environment. In the endoscopic environment, the size of the linear array transducer is strictly miniaturized, and the imaging range is also limited to the near field. Meanwhile, the near field of a micro linear array has serious mutual interferences between elements, which is against the imaging quality of near field. Therefore, we propose a new structure of a micro ultrasound linear array for plane wave imaging. In this paper, a theoretical comparison is given through sound field and imaging simulations. On the basis of primary work and laboratory technology, micro uniform and non-uniform linear arrays were made and experimented with the phantom setting. We selected appropriate evaluation parameters to verify the imaging results. Finally, we concluded that the micro non-uniform linear array eliminated the artifacts better than the micro uniform linear array without the additional use of signal processing methods, especially for target points in the near-field. We believe this study provides a possible solution for plane wave imaging in cramped environments like endoscopy.

scholarly journals Privacy Leakage in Mobile Sensing: Your Unlock Passwords Can Be Leaked through Wireless Hotspot Functionality

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Zheng ◽  
Zhanyong Tang ◽  
Tianzhang Xing ◽  
Xiaojiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Mobile Sensing ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Phase Information ◽  
Current Sensing ◽  
Privacy Leakage ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Additional Hardware

Mobile sensing has become a new style of applications and most of the smart devices are equipped with varieties of sensors or functionalities to enhance sensing capabilities. Current sensing systems concentrate on how to enhance sensing capabilities; however, the sensors or functionalities may lead to the leakage of users’ privacy. In this paper, we present WiPass, a way to leverage the wireless hotspot functionality on the smart devices to snoop the unlock passwords/patterns without the support of additional hardware. The attacker can “see” your unlock passwords/patterns even one meter away. WiPass leverages the impacts of finger motions on the wireless signals during the unlocking period to analyze the passwords/patterns. To practically implement WiPass, we are facing the difficult feature extraction and complex unlock passwords matching, making the analysis of the finger motions challenging. To conquer the challenges, we use DCASW to extract feature and hierarchical DTW to do unlock passwords matching. Besides, the combination of amplitude and phase information is used to accurately recognize the passwords/patterns. We implement a prototype of WiPass and evaluate its performance under various environments. The experimental results show that WiPass achieves the detection accuracy of 85.6% and 74.7% for passwords/patterns detection in LOS and in NLOS scenarios, respectively.

Application of the Unit Circle Representation to Pattern Synthesis of Nonuniformly Spaced and Nonuniformly Excited Arrays based on the Teaching Learning Based Optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Abdelmadjid RECIOUI
Keyword(s):  
Unit Circle ◽  
Antenna Array ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Sidelobe Level ◽  
Pattern Synthesis ◽  
Linear Arrays ◽  
Array Pattern ◽  
Teaching Learning Based Optimization ◽  
Null Placement ◽  
Teaching Learning

Pattern synthesis of Antenna array has gained much attention over the last years as they constitute an important role in the modern communication systems. Unit circle-based techniques such as Schelkunoff null placement method have proved their effectiveness to synthesize uniformly spaced linear arrays. Nonuniformly spaced antenna array pattern synthesis has been investigated and interesting results have been obtained. In this work, the unit circle representation approach is applied to synthesize nonuniformly spaced and nonuniformly excited linear arrays. The objective is to accurately place nulls in the desired directions while achieving the least possible sidelobe level. The problem is cast as an optimization problem that is solved using the Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO). Examples are dealt with to prove the design approach effectiveness and flexibility for modern communication system applications.

A Comparison of Swarm-Based Optimization Algorithms in Linear Antenna Array Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Durmus ◽  
Rifat KURBAN ◽  
Ercan KARAKOSE
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Radiation Pattern ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Linear Antenna ◽  
Half Power ◽  
Antenna Array Synthesis

Abstract Today, the design of antenna arrays is very important in providing effective and efficient wireless communication. The purpose of antenna array synthesis is to obtain a radiation pattern with low side lobe level (SLL) at a desired half power beam width (HPBW) in far-field. The amplitude and position values ​​of the array elements can be optimized to obtain a radiation pattern with suppressed SLLs. In this paper swarm-based meta-heuristic algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Mayfly algorithm (MA) and Jellyfish Search (JS) algorithms are compared to realize optimal design of linear antenna arrays. Extensive experiments are conducted on designing 10, 16, 24 and 32-element linear arrays by determining the amplitude and positions. Experiments are repeated 30 times due to the random nature of swarm-based optimizers and statistical results show that performance of the novel algorithms, MA and JS, are better than well-known methods PSO and ABC.

scholarly journals Selectivity of a resonant cavity antenna

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 05033
Author(s):  
Viktor Bukharin ◽  
Nikolay Voytovich
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Resonant Cavity ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Glide Path ◽  
Radiating Element ◽  
Electrodynamic Modeling

The main selective characteristics of a Resonant Cavity Antenna, which is a radiating element of the antenna array of a glide path station, are presented. The results of rigorous electrodynamic modeling of a resonator antenna and experimental results of studies on antenna samples are presented

scholarly journals Miniature Dual-Band Substrate Integrated Waveguide Slotted Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fei-Peng Lai ◽  
Lu-Wu Chang ◽  
Yen-Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Substrate Integrated Waveguide ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Half Power

A compact substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna array that operates at 28 GHz and 38 GHz is proposed for fifth generation (5G) applications. The proposed array consists of four SIW cavities fabricated on one single layer of substrate. Each cavity implements a rhombic slot and a triangular-split-ring slot, resonating on TE101 and TE102 modes at 28 GHz and 38 GHz, respectively. In comparison with dual-band SIW antennas in the literature, the proposed configuration depicts a miniature footprint (28.7 × 30.8 mm2) without stacking substrates. To excite the four cavities with equal power, a broadband power divider that supports the propagation of TE10 mode is designed. Accordingly, the impedance bandwidths are 26.6–28.3 GHz and 36.8–38.9 GHz. The measured realized peak gain over the lower and higher bands is 9.3–10.9 dBi and 8.7–12.1 dBi, respectively. The measured half-power beam widths (HPBWs) at 28 GHz and 38 GHz are 20.7° and 15.0°, respectively. Considering these characteristics, including dual bands, high gain, narrow beam widths, miniaturization, and single layer, the proposed antenna array is a suitable candidate for millimeter-wave 5G communication systems with the flexibility in switching operating frequency bands against channel quality variations.

scholarly journals A Design of Wide Band and Wide Beam Cavity-Backed Slot Antenna Array with Slant Polarization

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Huiying Qi ◽  
Ke Xiao ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Shunlian Chai ◽  
Wenlu Yin
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Slot Antenna ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Challenging Problem ◽  
Wide Beam ◽  
Limited Size

Design of antenna array under the limitation of restricted size is a challenging problem. Cavity-backed slot antenna is widely used because of its advantages of small size, wide band, and wide beam. In this paper, a design of wide band and wide beam cavity-backed slot antenna array with the slant polarization is proposed. To obtain wide band and wide beam with limited size, the inverted microstrip-fed cavity-backed slot antenna (IMF-CBSA) is adopted as the element of 1 × 4 antenna array. The slant polarized antennas and their feeding networks are adopted because of their simple structures. The performance of the proposed antenna array is verified by the simulations and experiments. The measured VSWR < 2 bandwidth is 55% at the center frequency 21.8 GHz, and the gain is larger than 12.2 dB. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed design achieves wide band and beam with the size of 68 mm × 56 mm × 14.5 mm.

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