scholarly journals A munkaerő-piaci szereplők által tapasztalt foglalkoztatási kihívások a koronavírus-járvány idején

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Pirohov-Tóth ◽  
Zsuzsanna Dr. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
The Unemployed

A koronavírus-járvány megjelenése sokként érte fogyasztói társadalmunkat. Egyik napról a másikra radikálisan átalakította felgyorsult életünket. Az egészségügyi kockázatok csökkentése, valamint a gazdaság összeomlásának elkerülése érdekében olyan változásokat követelt meg a munkáltatóktól és a munkavállalóktól egyaránt, melyre korábban még nem volt példa. A bevezetett kényszerintézkedések jelentős hatást gyakoroltak a foglalkoztatottság alakulására is; a munkanélküliek száma megemelkedett, az otthoni munkavégzés általánossá vált, a pályaelhagyók aránya nőtt, a külföldön munkát vállaló személyek száma pedig csökkent a krízis előtti időszakhoz képest. A digitális transzformáció nyújtotta lehetőségek és eszközök nemcsak az otthoni munkavégzés során bizonyultak hatékonynak, hozzájárultak az online oktatás megvalósításához, a kapcsolatok ápolásához és az online szolgáltatások (pl. vásárlás, rekreációs tevékenységek) térnyeréséhez is. A témában való elmélyülés érdekében hazai (Szellő 2020, Józsa 2018, Nemeskéri et al. 2016) és nemzetközi (Statista 2020, Gajendran- Harrison 2007, Caseli-Coleman 2006) szakirodalmi forráselemezést végzünk, valamint az elérhető statisztikai adatokat (ÁSZ, KSH, NFSZ) elemezzük, az eredményeket összevetjük egy korábbi, home office témakörben lefolytatott saját kérdőíves vizsgálat (Pirohov-Tóth, 2020) eredményeivel. Az online adatfelvétel 2020. május 25-től június 1-ig zajlott 321 fő bevonásával. Elemzésünkben a kérdőív adatai segítségével statisztikai elemzést végzünk annak érdekében, hogy a feltárt munkaerő-piaci problémák megoldására átfogó, komplex foglalkoztatást segítő javaslatokat tudjunk kidolgozni. A jövőben – a foglalkoztatottság növelés érdekében ‒ szükségessé válik a megváltozott munkaerő-piaci igényeknek megfelelő átképzések biztosítása a munkával nem rendelkezők számára, ahol lehetőségük nyílik az új készségek (kreativitás, önálló munkavégzés, rugalmasság, gyors alkalmazkodás) elsajátítására is. Hazánk gazdasági visszarendeződése és a foglalkoztatás újbóli fellendítése érdekében pedig szükségessé válik a munkaerő-piaci szereplők szoros együttműködése, valamint az állam által nyújtott lehetőségek igénybevétele. The coronavirus pandemic has had a shocking effect on our consumer society. From one day to another, it has changed our accelerated lives radically. To reduce health risks and to avoid economic collapse, it demanded both the employers and the employees to make changes that were formerly unprecedented.  The forced measures taken exerted a significant impact on employment, as well; the number of the unemployed has increased, home office work has become general, the rate of career changers has grown and the number of those working abroad has lowered as compared to the period before the crisis.  The possibilities and tools offered by digital transformation have proved to be effective not only in home office work but have contributed to implementing online education, keeping contacts and the spread of online services (e.g. shopping or recreation activities), as well. To search deeper in the topic, we have made a source analysis of the domestic (Szellő 2020, Józsa 2018, Nemeskéri et al. 2016) and the international (Statista 2020, Gajendran- Harrison 2007, Caseli-Coleman 2006) literature, have analysed the available statistical data (ÁSZ, KSH, NFSZ), and have compared the results to the outcomes of an own query research (Pirohov-Tóth, 2020) implemented earlier in the home office topic. Online data collection was implemented between May 25 2020 and June 1 with the involvement of 321 persons. Using the data gained from the query, we made an analysis in order to become able to elaborate proposals supporting complex employment that could solve the revealed labour market problems. To enhance employment, in the future it will be necessary to provide re-trainings meeting the labour market demands for the unemployed where they can acquire new skills (creativity, independent work, flexibility, rapid adaption etc.), as well. To support the economic recovery of our country and to re-boost employment, the tight cooperation of labour market participants and the utilization of possibilities offered by the state will be inevitable.

scholarly journals Rules on Home Office Work and Telework in Romania and in Hungary

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Magdolna Vallasek ◽  
Gábor Mélypataki
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Labour Law ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Central European ◽  
Unexpected Effect ◽  
Social Partners

Pandemic crisis management requires new solutions that are not necessarily workable options in the traditional labour market. It is not about starting from scratch but about bringing to the fore legal institutions that have not been significant so far. This has had an unexpected effect on the labour law of Central European countries, as social partners fundamentally distrust atypical forms of work. This situation is also true for Romania and Hungary. In our study, we do not intend to present all forms, but only the two most important legal instruments in the labour market shaped by the pandemic; we analyse teleworking and home office work.

Material deprivation and employment status in post-transition: Evidence from North Macedonia

SEER ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-152
Author(s):  
Dimitar Nikoloski
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Adjustment Mechanisms

Poverty and social exclusion are often associated with unemployment, but being employed is not always sufficient to provide decent living conditions for workers and their families. In this context, the aim of this article, drawing on SILC micro data, is to assess the underlying causes of severe material deprivation in North Macedonia from the point of view of employment status, particularly the differences between employed and unemployed workers. The results show that employed workers face a much greater risk of severe material deprivation if they are positioned in the so-called secondary labour market; while the unemployed with low capital accumulation and those living in households with low work intensity face the highest risks of all. North Macedonia’s adjustment mechanisms do help cushion the consequences, but the article concludes with several policy recommendations for additional action to reduce severe material deprivation covering: education and training; active labour market policies; unionisation and collective bargaining; wage subsidies and taxation; and a statutory minimum wage.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of interaction between a teacher and a student musician in online education

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Internet Resources ◽  
Online Music ◽  
Artistic Images ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Artistic Image

The article is devoted to the problem of interaction between a teacher and a student of musical education in the process of distance learning. The main tasks facing each teacher during the quarantine period are outlined, and the preference is given to the ability to master the techniques of conducting online music lessons using various Internet resources or platforms for maintaining feedback. The author gives examples of online piano lessons, which took place individually with each student in a convenient mode for them. Attention is drawn to the problems that arose during the implementation of team tasks. Particular attention is paid to the research work of applicants, which ensured their continuous participation in scientific activities throughout the distance learning. The result was the performance of a first-year student at an online conference of the piano department with a report on the peculiarities of the reproduction of the artistic image in a musical work, which ended with the performance of an instrumental lyric piece. The research work provides an opportunity to show analytical abilities, observation, concentration, flexibility of thinking, which helps student musicians to acquire skills of independent work for future professional activity, promotes the development and formation of their personal qualities. The proposed study focuses on the peculiarities of interaction between the subjects of distance education who took an active part in prestigious international competitions and festivals in the category of instrumental art, which were held online. The specifics of work on musical pieces are revealed, the main difficulty of which is the true reproduction of artistic images.

scholarly journals Econometric Modelling of Lithuanian Labour Market

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Dalia Tendziagolskytė ◽  
Rimantas Rudzkis
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Svar Model ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Econometric Methodology ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
The Unemployed

Lithuanian labour market indicators, such as the total number of employees, the number of employees in the private and public sectors, the number of the unemployed, labour force, employment and unemployment rates, the relative number of employees, average monthly gross income are analysed in the paper. The experience of foreign countries and Lithuania in creating labour market models and econometric methodology has been examined. As a result, a new model of the Lithuanian labour market is produced, comprising five regressive equations, which are part of the recursive SVAR model, and four identities, which are part of balance equations. According to the logic of economic and other research, relevant connections in the economy have been specified, unknown parameters of equations have been estimated. Finally, forecasts of endogenous indicators for 2014 have been provided, and results have been compared with the projections of the main labour market indicators for 2014−2017, published by the Ministry of Finance. Calculations have been made using a statistical package Gretl.

scholarly journals UNREGISTERED EMPLOYMENT IN THE LOCAL LABOUR MARKET: CASE STUDY OF PŁOCK

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Mariola Szewczyk-Jarocka ◽  
Janina Sawicka ◽  
Anna Nowacka
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Survey Question ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Socially Excluded ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The aim of this study is to present the opinions of local labour market participants regarding unregistered work that is performed by socially excluded people who are registered in the Labour Office in the city of Płock, Poland. The paper begins with a literature review of the theoretical issues and presents conclusions based on published studies and articles. This is followed by an empirical data analysis where the authors diagnose the causes, important advantages and disadvantages of unregistered work. The data includes the results of surveys that were distributed to 350 respondents: 195 received PAPI paper questionnaires and 155 people were surveyed using a CAWI questionnaire posted on the Internet (additionally, a campaign on Facebook) in 2018. The analyses includes the distribution of answers to the survey question together with verification of the statistical significance between the answers and specific variables, such as education, sex and age group.

scholarly journals ПРОФЕСІЙНЕ НАВЧАННЯ БЕЗРОБІТНИХ НА СУЧАСНОМУ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ ЯК ЧАСТИНА СТАНОВЛЕННЯ БРЕНДИНГУ ОСВІТИ

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Олена В. Птащенко ◽  
Юлія М. Тер-Карапетянц
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Education Services ◽  
Study Programs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Training ◽  
Favourable Environment ◽  
The Unemployed

To ensure success in promoting entrepreneurship among the unemployed it is critical to provide effective government support for those citizens who wish to start their own business, create favourable environment, including relevant financial, lending, tax policies, etc. Apparently, due to inconsistent SME legislation, high tax burden, uncertainty in business development, the effectiveness of vocational entrepreneurial training for the unemployed remains low. The paper provides an overview of unemployment rate by age along with the analysis of contemporary labour market trends in the context of implementating specific technology of vocational training for the unemployed. The research findings evidence that rapid technological changes challenge dramatic effects globally, thus triggering the need for totally new skills and professions. This situation in the labour market drives a particular focus to the latest learning technology advances, education marketing development, designing study programs for employable population of Ukraine to ensure new skills and competences building. Recent dramatic changes in Ukraine’s education system, further evolution of education services market and progressive marketing learning technologies implementation contribute to transforming education into a growing and promising sector of the economy which year by year increase the size of supply and demand for education services. Currently, the education services market as a public sphere drives media to establish and maintain strong and close relationships between its participants. In conclusion it is emphasized that modern institutions of higher education cannot be imagined without mediated patterns and diverse forms of communication as well as special tools to enhance communication between its various actors.

General Didactic Principles About University Education in Music in the Midst of a Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojin Nedialkov ◽  
Nadia Nedialkova
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
University Education ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Online Lectures ◽  
Preliminary Preparation ◽  
University Level ◽  
The University

This article discusses some of the most important prerequisites for building and organizing the didactic structure of music education at the university level in the midst of a pandemic. The emphasis is on the methodology in designing online learning. The principles of carrying out the preliminary preparation for the transition to the new synchronous1 and asynchronous2 training are described. The basic rules for building and organizing online lectures in the conditions of distance learning are systematized. Models for asynchronous lectures according to already established principles are presented. An analysis of the difficulties and dangers of constant home office work has been performed. The authors of this article share their pedagogical experience regarding the specifics of conducting individual and group music disciplines in the context of distance learning, giving basic recommendations on the structuring of the learning process, which can be used not only in a pandemic situation, but also in the future for more flexible, modern and effective education related to constantly improving technologies.

scholarly journals How does a targeted active labour market program impact on the well-being of the unemployed? A concept mapping study on Barcelona “Employment in the Neighbourhoods”

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Puig-Barrachina ◽  
Davide Malmusi ◽  
Lucía Artazcoz ◽  
Xavier Bartoll ◽  
Eva Clotet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Program Impact ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
The Unemployed

scholarly journals Recent internal migration and labour market outcomes: Exploring the 2008 and 2010 national income dynamics study (NIDS) panel data in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhlanhla Cyril Mbatha ◽  
Joan Roodt
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
South African ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
National Income ◽  
National Development ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Informal Labour ◽  
The Unemployed

We began with the premise that South African recent migrants from rural to urban areas experience relatively lower rates of participation in formal labour markets compared to local residents in urban communities, and that these migrants are overrepresented in the informal labour market and in the unemployment sector. This means that rural to urban migrants are less likely than locals to be found in formal employment and more likely to be found in informal employment and among the unemployed. Using perspectives from Development Economics we explore the South African National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) panel datasets of 2008 and 2010, which only provide a perspective on what has happened between 2008 and 2010. We find that while migrants in general experience positive outcomes in informal labour markets, they also experience positive outcomes in formal markets, which is contrary to expectations. We also find that there are strong links between other indicators of performance in the labour market. Earned incomes are closely associated with migration decisions and educational qualifications (e.g. a matric certificate) for respondents between the ages of 30 and 60 years. The youth (15 to 30 years old) and senior respondents (over the age of 60) are the most disadvantaged in the labour market. The disadvantage is further reflected in lower earned incomes. This is the case even though the youth are most likely to migrate. We conclude that migration is motivated by both push (to seek employment) and pull (existing networks or marriage at destination) factors. For public policy, the emerging patterns – indicative and established – are important for informing strategies aimed at creating employment and developing skills for the unemployed, migrants and especially the youth. Similar policy strategies are embodied in the National Development Plan (NDP), the National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS), etc.

Income support policies and labour market reforms under austerity in Greece

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manos Matsaganis
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Employment Service ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
Funding Opportunities ◽  
Constructive Engagement ◽  
The Unemployed

This chapter reviews the changes in labour market policies under conditions of harsh austerity and mass unemployment in Greece in 2010-2015. Three policy areas are covered: income support to the unemployed, active labour market policies, and employment protection legislation. We find that labour market policies in Greece have failed to rise to the challenge of harsh austerity and mass unemployment. A legacy of backwardness, neglect, and general lack of sophistication proved difficult if not impossible to overturn under the emergency conditions prevailing since 2010. Moreover, as regards the less controversial aspects of the structural reforms demanded by the country’s creditors under the bailout agreements (for instance, supporting job creation, upgrading the Public Employment Service, and improving the absorption, as well as the effectiveness of EU funding), the domestic actors’ preferred approach of passively adjusting to European funding opportunities, rather than genuinely puzzling for solutions, left no room for a more constructive engagement. The adverse effects of the resulting handicap are there for all to see.

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