First records of two species of reef-associated mantis shrimps (Crustacea: Stomatopoda) from India

The coastal marine environments in the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone harbour a rich diversity of mantis shrimps. However, several regions have not been adequately surveyed for their stomatopod faunal composition. In this paper, we report the first records of two species, Gonodactylopsis drepanophora (de Man, 1902) and Cloridina malaccensis (Manning, 1968) from Indian waters. Samples were collected using a chain dredge deployed by the Fishery Oceanographic Research Vessel Sagar Sampada on the shallow reefs (53–56 m depths) of the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal during August–November 2019. Gonodactylopsis drepanophora was previously known only from Indonesia, and Cloridina malaccensis from Southeast Asia, New Caledonia and Madagascar.

Dynamic Positioning of An Oceanographic Research Vessel Using Fuzzy Logic Controller in Different Sea States

A dynamic positioning system is computer controlled system which maintains the positioning and heading of ship by means of active thrust. A DP system consist of sensors, observer, controller and thrust allocation algorithm. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of proportional derivative type fuzzy controller with Mamdani interface scheme for dynamic positioning of an oceanographic research vessel (ORV) by numerical simulation. Nonlinear passive observer is used to filter the noise from the position and orientation. A nonlinear mathematical model of the ORV is subjected to the wave disturbance ranging from calm to phenomenal sea. Robustness and efficiency of the fuzzy logic controller is analysed in comparison with the multivariable proportional integral derivative (PID) and the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller. A simplified constrained linear quadratic algorithm is used for thrust allocation. The frequency response of the closed loop system with different controllers is analysed using the bode plot. The stability of controller is established using the Lyapunov criteria.

Field Observations of Breaking of Dominant Surface Waves

The results of field observations of breaking of surface spectral peak waves, taken from an oceanographic research platform, are presented. Whitecaps generated by breaking surface waves were detected using video recordings of the sea surface, accompanied by co-located measurements of waves and wind velocity. Whitecaps were separated according to the speed of their movement, c, and then described in terms of spectral distributions of their areas and lengths over c. The contribution of dominant waves to the whitecap coverage varies with the wave age and attains more than 50% when seas are young. As found, the whitecap coverage and the total length of whitecaps generated by dominant waves exhibit strong dependence on the dominant wave steepness, ϵp, the former being proportional to ϵp6. This result supports a parameterization of the dissipation term, used in the WAM model. A semi-empirical model of the whitecap coverage, where contributions of breaking of dominant and equilibrium range waves are separated, is suggested.

A Multifaceted Approach to Advance Oil Spill Modeling and Physical Oceanographic Research at the United States Bureau of Ocean Energy Management

The Environmental Studies Program (ESP) at the United States Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) is funded by the United States Congress to support BOEM’s mission, which is to use the best available science to responsibly manage the development of the Nation’s offshore energy and mineral resources. Since its inception in 1973, the ESP has funded over $1 billion of multidisciplinary research across four main regions of the United States Outer Continental Shelf: Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic, Alaska, and Pacific. Understanding the dynamics of oil spills and their potential effects on the environment has been one of the primary goals of BOEM’s funding efforts. To this end, BOEM’s ESP continues to support research that improves oil spill modeling by advancing our understanding and the application of meteorological and oceanographic processes to improve oil spill modeling. Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010, BOEM has invested approximately $28 million on relevant projects resulting in 73 peer-reviewed journal articles and 42 technical reports. This study describes the findings of these projects, along with the lessons learned and research information needs identified. We also present a path forward for BOEM’s oil spill modeling and physical oceanographic research.

A review: iron and nutrient supply in the subarctic Pacific and its impact on phytoplankton production

One of the most important breakthroughs in oceanography in the last 30 years was the discovery that iron (Fe) controls biological production as a micronutrient, and our understanding of Fe and nutrient biogeochemical dynamics in the ocean has significantly advanced. In this review, we looked back both previous and updated knowledge of the natural Fe supply processes and nutrient dynamics in the subarctic Pacific and its impact on biological production. Although atmospheric dust has been considered to be the most important source of Fe affecting biological production in the subarctic Pacific, other oceanic sources of Fe have been discovered. We propose a coherent explanation for the biological response in subarctic Pacific high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) waters that incorporates knowledge of both the atmospheric Fe supplies and the oceanic Fe supplies. Finally, we extract future directions for Fe oceanographic research in the subarctic Pacific and summarize the uncertain issues identified thus far.

Is Computational Oceanography Coming of Age?

Computational Oceanography is the study of ocean phenomena by numerical simulation, especially dynamical and physical phenomena. Progress in information technology has driven exponential growth in the number of global ocean observations and the fidelity of numerical simulations of the ocean in the past few decades. The growth has been exponentially faster for ocean simulations, however. We argue that this faster growth is shifting the importance of field measurements and numerical simulations for oceanographic research. It is leading to the maturation of Computational Oceanography as a branch of marine science on par with observational oceanography. One implication is that ultra-resolved ocean simulations are only loosely constrained by observations. Another implication is that barriers to analyzing the output of such simulations should be removed. Although some specific limits and challenges exist, many opportunities are identified for the future of Computational Oceanography. Most important is the prospect of hybrid computational and observational approaches to advance understanding of the ocean.

KEBERLANJUTAN PERPUSTAKAAN DAN KEPUSTAKAWANAN di LINGKUNGAN LIPI KAWASAN JAKARTA

Di lingkungan Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) terdapat perpustakaan yang berada pada masing – masing satuan kerja. Dalam beberapa tahun ini keberadaan perpustakaan di lingkungan satuan kerja LIPI mulai dipertanyakan dan dipermasalahkan karena pemustaka yangdatang secara langsung sudah mulai berkurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi kepala satuan kerja serta para peneliti di lingkungan LIPI Kawasan Jakarta tentang keberadaan dan keberlanjutan perpustakaan dan kepustakawanan di lingkungan LIPI Jakarta. Digunakan metode kualitatif dilengkapi dengan wawancara mendalam. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap Kepala Satuan Kerja serta para peneliti di lingkungan LIPI Jakarta, meliputi PDDI, Pusat Penelitan Politik, Pusat Peneltian Ekonomi, Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Kebudayaan, Pusat Penelitian Kependudukan, LIPI Press, Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi, Pusat Kebijakan dan Manajemen Iptek dan Inovasi dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil dan kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa Perpustakaan tetap diperlukan, karena informasi yang ada di perpustakaan merupakan harta kekayaan intelektual yang harus dipelihara dan dilestarikan agar bisa diwariskan untuk generasi mendatang serta dikembangkan agar didapat kekayaan intelektual yang baru. Namun disarankan agar perpustakaan dilengkapi dengan, sarana dan prasarana yang lengkap dan nyaman, serta diharapkan pustakawan meningkatkan kompetensi agar dapat memberikan layanan dengan lebih baik. Within the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) there are libraries located in each work unit. In recent years the existence of libraries in the LIPI work unit environment has begun to be questioned and questioned because users who come directly have begun to decrease. This study aims to determine the perceptions of the head of the work unit as well as researchers in the JakartaLIPI environment about the existence and sustainability of libraries and librarians in the Jakarta LIPI environment. Used a qualitative method supplemented with in-depth interviews. The study was conducted on the Head of the Work Unit and researchers in the LIPI Jakarta, including the Center for Scientific Data and Documentation, the Center for Political Research, the Center for Economic Research, the Center for Community and Cultural Research, the Center for Population Research, LIPI Pressm,the Center for Oceanographic Research, the Center for Policy and Management Science and Innovation with 30 respondents. The results and conclusions show that the Library is still needed, because the information in the library is intellectual property that mustbe preserved and preserved so that it can be inherited for future generations and developed in order to obtain new intellectual property. However, it is recommended that the library be equipped with complete and convenient facilities and infrastructure, and it is hoped that librarians will increase their competence in order to provide better services.