Synthesis and Characterization of Maleinized Rice Bran Oil Fatty Acids

Ricebran oil has higher percentage of free fatty acids which accounts for its use in various industries. In the present work rice bran fatty acids have been used for maleinization. In rice bran fatty acids maleic anhydride reacts with oleic acid without loss of unsaturation in the acid and formed succinic anhydride type adduct. Hydration of the maleinized product is performed to overcome from a number of technological difficulties such as increase in the product viscosity, abrupt and uncontrollable drop of the acid number and also gelation. Inspite of its high free acid content and dark colour, rice bran oil can be conveniently used in laundry soaps directly, but conversion of oil into distilled fatty acids provides various avenues for value added products. The absence of linolenic acid in rice bran fatty acids has an excellent advantage in providing non-yellowing characteristics. This property of rice bran fatty acids opens avnues for coating industries.

Based on Molecular Distillation Waste Organic Matter Reduction Processing Technology Research

In this paper, the current hazardous waste disposal methods of heavy organic matter were reviewed and the craft process of molecular distillation technology on distillation residue, recycling and reduction of heavy and dangerous waste organic matter were analyzed. The yield and the influence on product viscosity of molecular distillation separation heavy resid under different technology conditions were studied and the results showed that the technology conditions of molecular distillation separation heavy resid is residual pressure 10 pa, temperature 250 oC, blown film machine speed 230 r/min. the properties of the oil distillated met the national standard of wax oil. The goals of using molecular distillation recycling waste organic matter and heavy resource waste reduction were achieved.

Study on Acid Hydrolysis of Cationic Starch

Cationic starch is a kind of sizing agent which have good prospect of application, but its high viscosity limits its use. In this work low substitution degree cationic starch (DS=0.03) was hydrolyzed with HCL to reduce the viscosity. The acidolysis factors on cationic starch viscosity such as reaction time, reaction temperature and concentration of HCL has been studied. The results revealed that the optimum reaction condition was 1.83% HCL for dry cationic starch, under 55°C for 5 hours, the product viscosity was 11.5mpa.s. By choosing different process parameters can get products of series viscosities.

Novel paper sizing agents from renewables. Part 1: Preparation of a paper sizing agent derived from natural plant oils

Natural oils derived from linseed, rapeseed, soybean, and a special breed of sunflower were tested for the production of maleated fatty oils for paper sizing in the ene-reaction with maleic anhydride. All these maleated oils were subjected to a conventional sizing test proving their ability to hydrophobize handsheets. Natural oils having only monounsaturated fatty acid residues (oleic acid) in the triglycerides worked best by having lower product viscosity and higher yields. The optimized production procedure employs antioxidant addition, an increased maleic anhydride:triglyceride ratio of 4:1, as well as increased pressure to reduce undesired polymeric byproducts and to increase yield.

ESTERIFICATION OF FATTY ACID FROM PALM OIL WASTE (SLUDGE OIL) BY USING ALUM CATALYST

Esterification of fatty acids from palm oil waste (sludge oil) as biodiesel liquid base has been done by using alum [Al2(SO4)3.14H2O] catalyst. Some reaction variables like reaction time, catalyst quantity, and molar ratio of sample-reactant was applied for optimal reaction. Yield of 94.66% was obtained at reaction condition 65 °C, 5 h, sample-reactant ratio 1:20, and catalyst quantity 3% (w/w). GC-MS analysis request showed that composition of methyl esters biodiesel are methyl caproic (0.67%), methyl lauric (0.21%), methyl miristic (1.96%), methyl palmitic (49.52%), methyl oleic (41.51%), and methyl stearic (6.13%). Physical properties of synthesized product (viscosity, refraction index and density) are similar with those of commercial product. Keywords: alum, biodiesel, esterification, sludge oil

Note. Behaviour of a Mixture of Acacia glomerosa, Enterolobium cyclocarpum and Hymenaea courbaryl Gums in Ice Cream Preparation

A mixture of gums from Acacia glomerosa, Enterolobium cyclocarpum and Hymenaea courbaril were tested as stabilisers in the preparation of ice cream. Quality characteristics of the product (viscosity, overrun (OR), FE, meltdown, shape factor and sensory properties) were determined. These characteristics were compared with those exhibited for products obtained with a mixture of commercial gums. The mixture tested provided suitable viscosity for ice creams with the corresponding OR and texture. It gave better foaming properties and air incorporation than the commercial gums tested and had the highest score flavour (8.16), creaminess (8.02), overall acceptability (8.12) and lowest score of iciness (2.92). The mixture of the investigated gums showed good functionality in the preparation of ice cream.