Effect of humidity and contaminants on dry band formation in Outdoor Distribution Current Transformer 20 kV

This study reports the effect of humidity and pollutants on the formation of dry band phenomena on the insulation surface of an outdoor 20 kV distribution current transformer. From the results of measurements at high humidity 95% and high conductivity 36 mS/cm at a working voltage of 2-20kV test there is a change in the curve of increasing the value of the leakage current which is very volatile. Wet layer of impurity will cause a drastic decrease in surface resistance resulting in a large increase in leakage current. At a high conductivity of 36 mS/cm, the results of the measurement of surface resistance at low humidity of 55% worth 30.2 giga ohms decreased to 2.1 giga ohms at high humidity of 95%. While the value of the leakage current curve is very fluctuating from the value of 206 - 678 A at high conductivity with heavy pollutants. This information confirms the hypothesis that the boundary region of the two air-solid dielectrics of the epoxy resin causes surface discharge problems in dry band formation due to an increase in the non-uniform local electric field in the impurity layer adhering to the surface of the distribution current transformer. Keywords : leakage current, dry band, surface discharge, contaminants

Measurement of Mental Workload Against Packing Operators at UKM Roti Heppy Bakery Padang Using the NASA-TLX Method

In this increasingly advanced era of globalization, more and more manufacturing and service companies are developing which brings intense competition for companies to be able to maintain the company's establishment. IKM Heppy Bakery is one of the bread production companies that is experiencing this competition. For the realization of companies that can compete in the era of globalization, highly competent resources are also needed. The impact of this competition causes more work demands and causes workload effects both physically and mentally on employee performance. Based on this, a mental workload study was conducted to determine the amount of mental workload of employees using the NASA-TLX method. Based on calculations using the NASA-TLX method, it was found that the level of mental workload on bread packaging at IKM Heppy Bakery was included in the very high category with 4 workers having a very high workload category and there were also 2 workers with a high workload category. The average WWL score on bread packaging is 82. For this condition, it is deemed necessary to have an evaluation accompanied by an improvement in the work system or reward to foster motivation and enthusiasm and reduce stress for Heppy Bakery's bread packaging employees.

Effect of Coagulants Variations in the Coagulation Unit on the Efficiency of Raw Water Turbidity Removal Sedimentation Unit Continuous Discharges Flow (CDF) as a New Method

Variations in the type of coagulant resulted in different floc characteristics. The sedimentation unit with continuous discharges flow or (CDF) method is a sedimentation unit that applies the leaking tank phenomenon, so it is possible that it will affect the condition of the floc that has been formed and in the end can affect the efficiency of turbidity removal. This study was to determine the effect of the type of coagulant in the coagulation unit on the removal of raw water turbidity in the sedimentation unit using the CDF method with a 6% discharge ratio to the product discharge. The raw water used is Sungai Batang Kuranji water with a turbidity of 27.63 NTU. The experimental reactor consisted of a coagulation-flocculation unit and a sedimentation unit with various coagulants being Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC), Ferric Chloride, and Alum. The results showed that the efficiency of removing turbidity from the Sungai Batang Kuranji by PAC coagulant was 90.12%, Ferric Chloride 86.99%, and Alum 81.72%. The Spearman correlation value of the coagulant variable on the efficiency of the removal of turbidity is 0.948, indicating a unidirectional effect between the two variables. The addition of 6% CDF flow in the settling zone did not break the floc because the flow formed was still laminar.

Audits for the Use and Strategic Of Energy Efficiency on the Campus Bukit Indah of Malikussaleh University

This study aims to determine the right strategy for energy efficiency that can be applied in the campus area. This study uses quantitative methods in a dominant position, while qualitative methods are less dominant. The method of analysis for this study uses Contextual Interaction Theory (CIT) with the characteristics of the implementer and the target group consisting of motives, cognition, and strengths. These variables will be the main points for formulating a basic strategy on energy use at the Faculty of Engineering, Bukit Indah campus, Malikussaleh University. Contextual issues are also external factors that influence and become a consideration in determining the level of energy efficiency efforts on campus. Regarding to CIT measurements which have been analyzed, the score of motives from implementer is -0.33, cognitions +0.50, and power +62. Then, overall for target group get positive score which consist of motives +0.75, cognitions +0.54, and power +0.44. The result of type interaction between two actors point out number 10 which is about obstructive. Apart from that, three contextual issues will also be analyzed that affect the characteristics of actors, namely the specific context, the structural context and the broader context. Strategic planning to pursue energy efficiency at the Faculty of Engineering, Bukit Indah Campus, Malikussaleh University consists of increasing motivation with energy-saving campaigns and awarding prizes. Then, improve cognition with energy audits and socialization of energy efficiency. Finally, increasing strength through the implementation of sustainable policies and programs.

Experimental Study on Fabrication and Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Plain Weave Copper Mesh Embedded Hybrid Composite with E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy GFRP Composite

The present research is conducted on GFRP (Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic) composite which is fiberglass reinforced with epoxy matrix and find its mechanical properties that can be compared with other hybrid composite which include plain weave copper strips mesh in between the layers of fiberglass in GFRP composite. Both type of composites are made using hand layup technique i.e., placing of chopped fiberglass sheet and then epoxy resin layer by layer, after filling of epoxy and fiberglass at 20% fiber loading which is measured by digital scale, then a pressure is also applied on this sandwich. After 24 hours it is ready to be demolded and after 48 hrs. samples was cuts as per ASTM standards then testing was done on both GFRP and Hybrid composites to find their Mechanical & Physical Properties. Results shows improvement as we introduce plain weave copper strips mesh in between the GFRP laminate to make it hybrid.

Comparative Study of Electronic Waste Management in Developed Countries and Indonesia

Electronic waste management in Indonesia is currently not a major concern for various parties and is relatively left behind when compared to developed countries. This study aims to evaluate the existing conditions of electronic waste management in Indonesia and compile recommendations for electronic waste management programs in Indonesia. This research was conducted by collecting primary data from questionnaires and collecting secondary data from the literature on electronic waste management in developed countries (United States, Japan, and Switzerland) and Indonesia. The collected data were compared and analyzed for compiling strategy in the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). Recommendation programs for electronic waste management in Indonesia were established based on SWOT Matrix. The evaluation results show that the existing conditions of electronic waste management in Indonesia are lagging compared to developed countries. The management recommendation program provided is the 4R programs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Remove) for electronic waste; Dropbox to collect electronic waste; Development of formal electronic waste management infrastructure; Industrial revitalization / private electronic waste recycling facilities; Development of electronic waste landfill; Application of economic instruments for electronic manufacturers; Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for electronic equipment; Trade-in for all electronic products; and cooperate with the informal sector. Keywords: Developed countries, Electronic waste, Program recommendations, SWOT analysis, Waste management.

Overview of Electrical Energy Planning in West Sumatera

Electrical energy is one of the most important components in the development of an area. The development of sustainable development accompanied by rapid technological advances and an increase in living standards can cause the consumption of electrical energy to continue to increase, including in West Sumatra Province. To meet the needs of electrical energy in the future, it is necessary to build and develop the existing electrical system at PT. PLN (Persero) in order to serve the needs of electrical energy in the future. One of them is by predicting or predicting the demand for electrical energy in the next few years by utilizing historical data on the consumption of electrical energy in the past. In this study, the authors predict the electricity needs of West Sumatra Province from 2019 to 2028. The need for electrical energy tends to increase from year to year. In 2019 the need for electrical energy is 3,705 GWh, while in 2028 it is 6,980 GWh with an average growth in energy sales of 7.29 percent. The household sector has the highest demand for electrical energy in 2028, namely 3,769 GWh with an average percentage increase per year of 6.6 percent. Keywords: Power system planning, Electrical energy consumption, Generation planning and Electrification ratio.

Design of Investment Detection In Fish Cultivation Uno Arduino Based

Fish farming is a job that many Indonesian people do, especially in villages. The nature of fish that is able to adapt quickly to transfer from pond to pond makes many residents choose to breed fish over other livestock. Many types of fish can be cultivated well, but most people choose to cultivate goldfish. Goldfish have an economic value that is quite tempting for the community. There are some fish that have a higher economic value, but people are more extra in maintaining them, for example in terms of feed. Goldfish can be fed only when the sun is hot. If the sun does not come out, then the goldfish should not be fed because it can cause the fish to die. Besides that, goldfish only need water flowing into the pond for fish oxygen. The number of people who breed fish, there are also many irresponsible people. The reason is, when the fish begin to grow up, many fish begin to disappear, making people nervous and hot. Based on the above problems, it provides a very potential opportunity to create a tool that can overcome community unrest. Fish farming theft detection tool which is an innovative tool to overcome or find out the perpetrators of theft. Thus, hopefully the tools used can reduce the risk of stealing fish and reduce the losses of fish cultivators.

Modification of the Sedimentation Unit with Continuous Discharges Flow (CDF) as a New Method to Increase Turbidity Removal in Raw Water

This study applies a new method to remove the turbidity of raw water in the sedimentation unit called CDF sedimentation using the working principle of a leaky tank at the bottom of the tank. The test was carried out on a laboratory scale reactor of 240 L/hour for 6 hours consisting of a waterfall coagulation unit for 5 seconds and alum as a coagulant. perforated wall flocculation unit with 30 minutes detention time and 1 hour CDF sedimentation unit. The study was conducted with 4 variations of CDF, namely 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% with turbidity of 75.25 NTU. The results showed the greater the CDF value, the greater the decrease in turbidity that occurred. The highest level of turbidity removal occurred at 5% CDF value with an efficiency of 91,09%, a correlation value -0,927, and a significance value of 0,00 < 0,05. CDF value gives an influence on Reynolds numbers and Froude numbers in sedimentation units where Reynolds numbers are in the range 65,71-76,75 and Froude numbers 1,96x10-4-2,29x10-4. This shows the Reynolds number and the Froude number will get bigger as the value of the CDF and still matches the design criteria of the laminar. Keywords: The CDF sedimentation, Efficiency, and Turbidity.

Power Flow and Short Circuit Analysis of Distribution System with 300 kW Distributed Generation Connected

Power flow analysis aims to determine the capacity of a generator to serve loads, to know the value of power losses in the electrical system, and to carry out a planning and development of the electric power system. Power flow analysis is carried out in order to find out the characteristics of the electric power system to be built or to be developed as desired. In this study, power flow analysis and short circuit analysis were carried out in the electrical system of Andalas University with 2 conditions, namely, when the conditions were normal or when the Distributed Generation was not added and when the conditions were added, the Distributed Generation (DG) Photovoltaic 300 kW. The results of this study indicate the largest system losses when normal conditions are on bus 1 to bus 2 amounting to 20.21 kW and 6.13 kVar, and when conditions add DG on bus 17 to bus 18 are 230.8 kW and 142.7 kVar. The results of the short circuit analysis of the two conditions are on bus 1 when the condition is experiencing the addition of DG with an increase in average current, namely 1 soil phase of 0.86 kA, 2 phases of 0.175 kA, 2 soil phases of 0.09609 kA, and 3 phases of 0.085273 kA from when the conditions were normal. Keywords : Power Flow Analysis, Short Circuit Analysis, Photovoltaic, Wind Turbine