Experimental studies on indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading and hydrogen-producing bacteria in an oilfield for microbial restoration of natural gas deposits with CO2 sequestration

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Sugai ◽  
Isty Adhitya Purwasena ◽  
Kyuro Sasaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Fujiwara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Hattori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Experimental Studies

Predicting Flameholding for Hydrogen and Natural Gas Flames at Gas Turbine Premixer Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot Sullivan-Lewis ◽  
Vincent McDonell
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Auto Ignition ◽  
Chamber Temperature ◽  
Transient Events ◽  
Significant Effort

Lean-premixed gas turbines are now common devices for low emissions stationary power generation. By creating a homogeneous mixture of fuel and air upstream of the combustion chamber, temperature variations are reduced within the combustor, which reduces emissions of nitrogen oxides. However, by premixing fuel and air, a potentially flammable mixture is established in a part of the engine not designed to contain a flame. If the flame propagates upstream from the combustor (flashback), significant engine damage can result. While significant effort has been put into developing flashback resistant combustors, these combustors are only capable of preventing flashback during steady operation of the engine. Transient events (e.g., auto-ignition within the premixer and pressure spikes during ignition) can trigger flashback that cannot be prevented with even the best combustor design. In these cases, preventing engine damage requires designing premixers that will not allow a flame to be sustained. Experimental studies were conducted to determine under what conditions premixed flames of hydrogen and natural gas can be anchored in a simulated gas turbine premixer. Tests have been conducted at pressures up to 9 atm, temperatures up to 750 K, and freestream velocities between 20 and 100 m/s. Flames were anchored in the wakes of features typical of premixer passageways, including cylinders, steps, and airfoils. The results of this study have been used to develop an engineering tool that predicts under what conditions a flame will anchor, and can be used for development of flame anchoring resistant gas turbine premixers.

scholarly journals OXIDATIVE DIMERIZATION OF METHANE TO C2 HYDROCARBONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 447 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
D.B. Augaliev ◽  
M.K. Erkibaeva ◽  
A.O. Aidarova ◽  
S.А. Tungatarova ◽  
T.S. Baizhumanova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Oxidative Conversion Of Methane ◽  
C2 Hydrocarbons ◽  
Shs Method

The world's oil reserves are decreasing every day due to the continuous production and processing of the most modern technologies. Scientists all over the world are looking for various raw materials and methods to use the vast resources of natural gas as a substitute for petrochemicals. In this regard, great attention is drawn to natural gas as an alternative source of raw materials for petrochemical industries. The purpose of this work is to study the reaction of methane dehydrogenation on new 20%La-10%Ce20%Mg-50% glycine catalysts prepared by the SHS method to identify the optimal conditions for their preparation, concentration and ratio of metals, the influence of contact time and process temperature on the direction and mechanism of the reaction. The results of the study of 20% La-10% Ce-20% Mg-50% glycine catalyst prepared by the SHS method in the process of oxidative dehydrogenation of methane into C2 hydrocarbons are presented. On the basis of experimental studies, it was found that the composition of the catalyst exhibits high activity in the above reaction under the found optimal conditions. Thus, the influence of reaction temperature on the developed composition of catalysts for oxidative conversion of methane has been determined that the optimum temperature for the selective formation of ethane and ethylene is T=700o С. It was found that for selective oxidation of a mixture of CH4: O2 : Ar in C2 hydrocarbons the optimal conditions are: T=700o С, CH4:O2=2,5:1, 5000 h-1.

Graph-Analytical Estimation Method of Natural Ventilation Efficiency during Natural Gas Combustion

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 901-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor I. Chebotarev ◽  
Anastasia P. Pirozhnikova ◽  
Alla V. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Analytical Estimation ◽  
Ventilation Duct

Open burning of natural gas when using gas equipment in the premises of residential buildings is considered, taking into account the formation of combustion products, depending on the coefficients of excess air. Theoretical and experimental studies of combustion processes are presented. To determine the aerodynamic process in the ventilation duct, theoretical calculations of the dependence of the discharge at the entrance to the ventilation duct from the outside temperature of the atmospheric air were made. Graph-analytic method of evaluating the effectiveness of natural ventilation is carried out.

Experimental Studies on Galling Onset in OCTG Connections: A Review

Tribology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ekwaro-Osire ◽  
F. Karpat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Performance Properties ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Mode Of Failure ◽  
Very High

With today's high prices for natural gas and oil, the demand for oil and country tubular goods (OCTG), with superior performance properties, is very high. Failures in OCTG can be attributed to numerous sources, for example, makeup torque, corrosion, and galling. Thread galling is the most common mode of failure. This failure often leads to leakage, corrosion of the material, and loss of mechanical integrity. The failure of OCTG eventually amounts to excessive operational costs for the gas and oil industry. The have been numerous approaches taken to improve the galling resistance of OCTG connections. The advocacy of these approaches is often achieved through experimental studies using galling testers. In this paper, it is proposed to classify the galling testers in seven distinct groups. There is a need to design and use effective galling testers to understand and improve the performance of OCTG connections. Thus, the objective of this paper was to present a concise review of literature related to the galling testers that may have applications to OCTG.

scholarly journals Experimental studies of hydrocarbon separation on zeolites, activated carbons and MOFs for applications in natural gas processing

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. 12629-12638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunxia Yang ◽  
Nick Burke ◽  
Suhaib Ali ◽  
Stanley Huang ◽  
Seng Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Natural Gas Processing ◽  
Product Specification

Separation of minor hydrocarbon components in natural gas is necessary prior to liquefaction to avoid operational (plugging of equipment) and product specification issues.

Natural Gas Hydrates – A Review of the Resources Offshore Nigeria and around the Globe

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
U.P. Igboanusi ◽  
J.U. Okere
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Natural Gas Hydrates ◽  
Pure Methane ◽  
Permafrost Regions

Natural gas hydrates are ice-like materials which exist in permafrost regions and in the continental margins of oceans. They constitute a huge unconventional reservoir of natural gas around the globe including offshore Nigeria. The paper is a review of this important global resource with particular focus on the Nigerian deposits. The reasons for the interest on hydrates are discussed including the potential for the recovery of large quantities of methane, the climate change and ocean floor instability that may result from their dissociation. They may also be exploited for large-scale CO2 sequestration. The geographical distribution of hydrates deposits on earth, the thermodynamics of why they occur in those particular places and source of the methane gas that is eventually enchlathrated into hydrates are discussed. The natural gas in the Nigerian hydrate is essentially biogenic in origin and is almost pure methane (more than 99% methane). The hydrates exist in finely disseminated or massive aggregate forms within clay-rich sediment.

Process safety challenges of CO2 sequestration

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Clinton Smith
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Gas Processing ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
High Pressure Co2 ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Level Transmitter ◽  
Phase Fluid

Sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) is an increasingly popular method of reducing the environmental impact of natural gas and blue hydrogen development projects. While the hazards associated with natural gas processing are well understood, high pressure CO2 presents unique challenges which must be overcome by designers to make sequestration a safe and practical option. Many of these hazards are ultimately due to the CO2 phase envelope. Compression of CO2 for injection into a reservoir can involve the creation of a dense phase fluid, which shares some of the properties of both liquid and gas. Upset conditions can also create either liquid or solid CO2. These can create unforeseen consequences such as potential blockage and overpressure of vent piping, condensation and freezing of free water and inaccurate level transmitter readings. Further, the partial pressures of CO2 involved mean that corrosion rates for any carbon steel exposed in the presence of free water may be as high as 1mm per week. These safety challenges and potential solutions to them will be explored in this study.

Diesel Replacement Model for Dual Diesel-Natural Gas Engines Under Urban Traffic Operation

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio A. Bermejo ◽  
Lesme A. Corredor
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Transient States ◽  
Traffic Conditions

The amount of Diesel (DI) that can be replaced by Natural Gas (NG) in turbocharged Diesel vehicles converted to dual operation and under urban traffic conditions is determined by the rapid changes of engine loads, which also limits the thermodynamic performance of turbochargers. Turbochargers control the air flow that enters to the engine at every single moment of its operation, and therefore supplies the Oxygen (O2) required for burning the fuels involved in the combustion process. This investigation models the energy consumption of a diesel engine operating in dual fuel mode in urban traffic conditions of Barranquilla, Colombia. This model is based on experimental studies of transient states of Turbocharged Diesel Engines and on recent research relating to the conversion of diesel engines to dual mode. Due to the absence of a standard test cycle for the city, this investigation uses a common driving behavior profile registered in 2006 with an urban bus Chevrolet B-70 with a Caterpillar 3126 Engine. It was determined that the greater replacement percentage was about 85% at maximum load and at cruising speeds, due to the air flow supplied by the compressor. The opposite effect was found at transient states; the absence of air is because of the turbocharger performance when the vehicle is leaving the stand-by condition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document