Kommunikationsgeschichte der Vorlesung: Linguistische Zugänge zur historischen Wissenschaftskommunikation im akademischen Hörsaal

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-504
Author(s):  
Michael Prinz
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Lecture Hall ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academic Communication ◽  
Rudimentary Form ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The analysis of historical lecture practice in the context of a history of academic communication requires a multi-perspective approach. Different manifestations of communication from a historical lecture hall must be brought together and examined on the basis of a broad selection of source materials. The linguistic analysis of texts/languages, images, objects, spaces and bodies promises new insights into a long-lived communicative genre whose significance in the history of language and culture has so far only been explored in rudimentary form.

scholarly journals On Coherence in Quranic Discourse: A Linguistic Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Alshenqeeti
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Selection Of

The reader may assume that adjacent sentences in a given running text are coherent, logically ordered, conceptually related, semantically homogeneous, and, most importantly, enjoy continuity of the text pivotal thought. However, this may not be so since the prerequisites of coherence are varied and the criteria are language and culture specific. Cohesion plays a pivotal role in the realisation of coherence, in particular, and the texture of the text, in general. In Quranic Arabic, some of the linguistic mechanisms through which the text producer aims to attain coherence do not occur in other languages. Thus, the contribution to knowledge and originality applies to the current work. The plugging of a research gap in this field of linguistics can be demonstrated in the need to explain the prototypical discourse characteristics of Quranic Arabic. This is represented in the attainment of coherence through (i) morphological relatedness, (ii) the text producer’s selection of a grammatical category such as verb/noun/adjective that is fundamental to the central idea of the statement, (iii) the selection of a specific comparative adjective, (iv) the selection of a specific comparative God’s epithet, and (v) the selection of a specific sentence-final God’s couplet epithets. For the purpose of this paper’s analyses, a sample of Quranic lexical items has been selected from different sūrahs (chapters) and are provided with a discourse-oriented analysis with a view to their attainment of coherence.

scholarly journals FROM THE HISTORY OF OSSETIAN WRITING: OSSETIAN COPYISTS OF THE MONUMENTS OF OLD-GEORGIAN LITERATURE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.И. БЕПИЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

Статья посвящена переводческой и литературной деятельности лиц, внесших вклад в развитие осетинской письменности и грузино-осетинских культурных связей. Некоторые памятники древней грузинской литературы, кроме грузин, переписывались также осетинскими книжниками. Словарь Сулхан-Саба Орбелиани, являющийся результатом глубокого анализа и энциклопедических наблюдений-разъяснений, с самого начала превратился в предмет общественного интереса: Вахтанг VI определил его как «Ситквис кона» («Букет слов»). Те, кто занимался описанием и составлением списков книг, делали на них приписки, содержавшие информацию о переписчиках. С течением времени, а также по другим причинам, множество имен затерялось, но некоторые сохранились в истории именно благодаря этим припискам и надписям. В статье на основе лингвистического анализа, устанавливается, что первым переписчиком Словаря Сулхан-Саба Орбелиани был осетин по происхождению Гуриев. Автор статьи отмечает, что осетинские переписчики грузинских книг, в частности Иоанн Ялгузидзе, занимались еще и переводами с грузинского на осетинский язык, чем вносили свой посильный вклад в развитие осетинского языка и культуры. Рассмотренная в статье деятельность осетинских переписчиков грузинских книг вносит существенный вклад в проблему младописьменных народов, которая значительно актуализирована современными научными исследованиями и широким общественным дискурсом. Поскольку к младописьменным принято относить народы, получившие письменность после установления советской власти, выявленный материал является серьезным аргументом для подтверждения неприемлемости этого «политического» определения для осетинского языка. В совокупности с другими выявленными памятниками письменности, труды осетинских переписчиков являются основанием для пересмотра устоявшихся, но не соответствующих современным представлениям постулатов. Проведенное исследование позволяет рассматривать деятельность осетинских переписчиков книг как фактор укрепления культурных связей между соседствующими народами. The article is devoted to the translation and literary activity of those who contributed to the development of Ossetian writing and Georgian-Ossetian cultural ties. Some works of ancient Georgian literature, alongside with Georgian scribes, were also copied by Ossetian scribes. The dictionary Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani, which is the result of deep analysis and encyclopaedic observationexplanations, from the very beginning turned into a subject of public interest: Vakhtang VI defined it as «Sitkvis kona» («Bouquet of words»). Those who were engaged in the description and compilation of lists of books, made on their margins notes containing information about the census-takers. Over time, as well as for other reasons, many names were lost, but some have been preserved in history precisely thanks to these postscripts and inscriptions. In the article on the basis of linguistic analysis, it is established that the first scribe of the Dictionary Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani was an Ossetian by birth Guriev. The author of the article notes that Ossetian copyists of Georgian books, in particular John Yalguzidze, were also engaged in translations from Georgian into Ossetian, that they made their own contribution to the development of the Ossetian language and culture. The activity of Ossetian census takers of Georgian books, considered in the article, makes a significant contribution to the problem of the peoples with recent record of literacy, which is significantly updated by modern scientific research and wide public discourse. Since it is customary to refer in this way to such peoples after the establishment of Soviet power, the material revealed a serious argument for confirming the unacceptability of this «political» definition for the Ossetian language. Together with other identified literary monuments, the works of Ossetian scribes are the basis for revising established, but not corresponding to modern concepts, postulates. The carried out research allows to consider activity of Ossetian copyists of books as the factor of strengthening of cultural communications between neighboring people.

scholarly journals Z dziejów dialektologii litewskiej

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Zofia Sawaniewska-Mochowa
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
First Century ◽  
Research Traditions ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Conceptual Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Source Materials

From the History of Lithuanian DialectologyReviewDanguolė Mikulėnienė, Lietuvių tarmėtyra: genezė, raida ir paradigminiai lūžiai. I dalis: Ikitarmėtyrinis laikotarpis. Lietuvių tarmėtyros pradžia: tarmių skyrimas, tyrimų perspektyvų užuomazgos ir jų tipai [Lithuanian Dialectology: Genesis, Development and Paradigmatic Breakthroughs. Part 1: Predialect Period. The Beginning of Lithuanian Dialectology: Identification of Dialects, Research Perspectives and Their Types], Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras, 2018, 319 pp.The reviewed monograph is the first part of the three-volume series prepared by the Lithuanian linguist Danguolė Mikulėnienė. She has taken on the ambitious task of presenting the genesis, development stages, paradigmatic breakthroughs and achievements of Lithuanian dialectology until the beginning of the twenty-first century. The richly illustrated study contains a detailed discussion of the period preceding the birth of scientific dialectology in Lithuania (from the seventeenth until the mid-nineteenth centuries), and covers in a systematic way conceptual changes in the linguists’ approaches to the issue of determining the extent and classification of Lithuanian dialects at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The advantage of the monograph is the consistent combining of a historiographic approach with a strictly linguistic analysis. The reviewed volume includes commentaries on numerous source materials which document contribution that scientists from various research traditions have made to the discourse of Lithuanian scientific dialectology paving the way for its constant development. Z dziejów dialektologii litewskiejRecenzjaDanguolė Mikulėnienė, Lietuvių tarmėtyra: genezė, raida ir paradigminiai lūžiai. I dalis. Ikitarmėtyrinis laikotarpis. Lietuvių tarmėtyros pradžia: tarmių skyrimas, tyrimų perspektyvų užuomazgos ir jų tipai [Dialektologia litewska: geneza, rozwój i przełomowe zmiany paradygmatów badań, część I: Okres poprzedzający usystematyzowane badania gwar. Początki litewskiego gwaroznawstwa, podział gwar, zalążki perspektyw badawczych i ich typy], Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidybos centras, 2018, 319 ss.Recenzowana monografia stanowi pierwszą część trylogii przygotowywanej przez litewską lingwistkę Danguolė Mikulėnienė, która postawiła sobie ambitne zadanie przedstawienia genezy, etapów rozwojowych, przełomów i dorobku litewskiej dialektologii aż do początku XXI wieku. Bogato ilustrowane opracowanie zawiera szczegółowe omówienie okresu poprzedzającego narodziny naukowych badań gwaroznawczych na Litwie oraz ukazuje w sposób usystematyzowany przemiany, jakie dokonują się w podejściu do problematyki wyznaczania zasięgu i klasyfikacji gwar litewskich na przełomie XIX i XX wieku. Zaletą monografii jest konsekwentne łączenie ujęcia historiograficznego z analizą stricte lingwistyczną. W pracy zostały przedstawione i skomentowane liczne materiały źródłowe, które dokumentują wkład, jaki wnieśli do dyskursu przyszłej naukowej dialektologii litewskiej uczeni z różnych tradycji badawczych.

scholarly journals Features of Fixing the Folklore of Peoples of Yakutia (1930-1970): the Method of Selecting Informants according to G. U. Ergis

2020 ◽  
pp. 299-312
Author(s):  
Olga I. Charina ◽  
Anna S. Larionova ◽  
Valentina A. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Selection Of

Methods and approaches in the selection of informants for fixing folklore works of Russians, Evens, Yakuts, who have inhabited the North-East of Yakutia since ancient times, are considered. The authors dwell on such issues as ways of finding informants; clarification of the status (narrator, singer and performer); concretization of the performer’s personality and his repertoire. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that at the present stage, methods of selecting informants are being studied; the approaches to the selection of performers of song folklore, used by M.N.Zhirkov, are specified; the change in the status of the storytellers of Russian folklore is traced; the main features of the performance of the Even epic by the narrators are analyzed. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the history of the study of the epic and song heritage of personalities-performers of the song-prose epic of the Russians Ustye, Evens and Yakuts by the staff of the Institute of Language and Culture is examined. Methods and approaches of M. N. Zhirkov in the selection of performers, as well as their repertoire to be fixed, are revealed. The importance of summarizing the already achieved results and setting new tasks in collecting and fixing folklore and musical material in the context of the extinction of folklore tradition and a reduction in the number of experts of traditional culture is affirmed.

Conclusion: What is Speculative Empiricism?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Debaise
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Speculative Philosophy ◽  
System P ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

Process and Reality ends with a warning: ‘[t]he chief danger to philosophy is narrowness in the selection of evidence’ (PR, 337). Although this danger of narrowness might emerge from the ‘idiosyncrasies and timidities of particular authors, of particular social groups, of particular schools of thought, of particular epochs in the history of civilization’ (PR, 337), we should not be mistaken: it occurs within philosophy, in its activity, its method. And the fact that this issue arises at the end of Process and Reality reveals the ambition that has accompanied its composition: Whitehead has resisted this danger through the form and ambition of his speculative construction. The temptation of a narrowness in selection attempts to expel speculative philosophy at the same time as it haunts each part of its system.

Displace of Documentary Heritage from the Soviet Union to Poland during the Third Decade of the XXth Century

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Tatsiana Hiarnovich
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

The paper explores the displace of Polish archives from the Soviet Union that was performed in 1920s according to the Riga Peace Treaty of 1921 and other international agreements. The aim of the research is to reconstruct the process of displace, based on the archival sources and literature. The object of the research is those documents that were preserved in the archives of Belarus and together with archives from other republics were displaced to Poland. The exploration leads to clarification of the selection of document fonds to be displaced, the actual process of movement and the explanation of the role that the archivists of Belarus performed in the history of cultural relationships between Poland and the Soviet Union. The articles of the Treaty of Riga had been formulated without taking into account the indivisibility of archive fonds that is one of the most important principles of restitution, which caused the failure of the treaty by the Soviet part.

Oral Testimony as Historical Source Material for the Reconstruction of the Judicial History of Shipping in India (1600-1800)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Kamruzzman Chowdhary
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Maritime History ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Oral Testimony ◽  
History Of ◽  
Judicial History ◽  
Source Materials

This study was an attempt to understand how the available alternative source materials, such as oral testimonies can serve as valuable assets to unveiling certain aspects of maritime history in India. A number of themes in maritime history in India failed to get the attention of the generation of historians, because of the paucity of written documents. Unlike in Europe, the penning down of shipping activities was not a concern for the authorities at the port in India. The pamphlets and newsletters declared the scheduled departure of the ship in Europe but, in India, this was done verbally. Therefore, maritime history in India remained marginalised. Hence, in this article, I make an endeavour to perceive how the oral testimonies can help shed some new light on certain aspects of maritime history in India, such as life on the ship, maritime practices, and perceptions among the littoral people in coastal societies. This article also outlines an approach on how the broader question on the transformation of scattered maritime practices among coastal societies can be adapted and transferred into an organised institution of law by the nineteenth century, and how these can be pursued in future. I also suggest in this article that the role of Europeans, especially the British, in the process of transformation, can be investigated further through oral testimonies in corroboration with the colonial archival records.

Diagnostic approach to causes of spinal pain

2018 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
F. D. Nasirova
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Pain ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiologic Investigation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Pain At Rest ◽  
Oncologic Diseases ◽  
Selection Of

Causes of spinal pain are extremely varying. Sex composition of patients referring with spinal pain at the age of 16 to 35 was 35% and 65% for males and females, respectively. Peak number of complaints was observed in 30-40 years age group of highest work ability. The followings should be considered as precautions in spinal pain: onset of pain at the age of 20 and after 50, family history of oncologic diseases, walking disorders or dysfunctions of sphincters, numbness in extremities, general malaise and rapid loss of weight, pain at rest and primarily at night, as these conditions may be a warning of underlying serious disease. Selection of algorithm for radiologic investigation is decided by the treating physician.

Philosophcal review of h. white̕s tropological theory in the context of the new philosophy of history

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (152) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
S. M. Geiko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Lauta
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Actual Material ◽  
The Common ◽  
Historical Nature ◽  
Selection Of

The article provides a philosophical analysis of the tropological theory of the history of H. White. The researcher claims that history is a specific kind of literature, and the historical works is the connection of a certain set of research and narrative operations. The first type of operation answers the question of why the event happened this way and not the other. The second operation is the social description, the narrative of events, the intellectual act of organizing the actual material. According to H. White, this is where the set of ideas and preferences of the researcher begin to work, mainly of a literary and historical nature. Explanations are the main mechanism that becomes the common thread of the narrative. The are implemented through using plot (romantic, satire, comic and tragic) and trope systems – the main stylistic forms of text organization (metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony). The latter decisively influenced for result of the work historians. Historiographical style follows the tropological model, the selection of which is determined by the historian’s individual language practice. When the choice is made, the imagination is ready to create a narrative. Therefore, the historical understanding, according to H. White, can only be tropological. H. White proposes a new methodology for historical research. During the discourse, adequate speech is created to analyze historical phenomena, which the philosopher defines as prefigurative tropological movement. This is how history is revealed through the art of anthropology. Thus, H. White’s tropical history theory offers modern science f meaningful and metatheoretically significant. The structure of concepts on which the classification of historiographical styles can be based and the predictive function of philosophy regarding historical knowledge can be refined.

Dynamics of Immigration: From Humanitarianism to Securitization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reumah Suhail
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Immigration Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

The paper addresses the different aspects of the politics of immigration, the underlying factors that motivate, force or pressurize people to move from their country of origin to new abodes in foreign nations. In the introduction the paper discusses different theories playing their due role in the immigration process, namely Realism and Constructivism. The paper examines the history of immigration and post-World War II resettlement followed by an analysis of how immigration policies are now centered towards securitization as opposed to humanitarianism after 9/11, within the scenario of globalization. Muslim migrant issues and more stringent immigration policies are also weighed in on, followed by a look at immigration in regions which are not hotspot settlement destinations. Lastly an analysis is presented about the selection of a host country a person opts for when contemplating relocation; a new concept is also discussed and determined whereby an individual can opt for “citizenship by investment” and if such a plan is an accepted means of taking on a new nationality.

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