scholarly journals Exploring the Direct and Indirect Use of ICT Measurements in DODME (Dynamic OD Matrix Estimation)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10910
Author(s):  
Xavier Ros-Roca ◽  
Lídia Montero ◽  
Jaume Barceló
Keyword(s):  
Additional Term ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Matrix Estimation ◽  
Time Dependencies ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Research ◽  
Data Driven Modeling

The estimation of the network traffic state, its likely short-term evolution, the prediction of the expected travel times in a network, and the role that mobility patterns play in transport modeling is usually based on dynamic traffic models, whose main input is a dynamic origin–destination (OD) matrix that describes the time dependencies of travel patterns; this is one of the reasons that have fostered large amounts of research on the topic of estimating OD matrices from the available traffic information. The complexity of the problem, its underdetermination, and the many alternatives that it offers are other reasons that make it an appealing research topic. The availability of new traffic data measurements that were prompted by the pervasive penetration of information and communications technology (ICT) applications offers new research opportunities. This study focused on GPS tracking data and explored two alternative modeling approaches regarding how to account for this new information to solve the dynamic origin–destination matrix estimation (DODME) problem, either including it as an additional term in the formulation model or using it in a data-driven modeling method to propose new model formulations. Complementarily, independently of the approach used, a key aspect is the quality of the estimated OD, which, as recent research has made evident, is not well measured by the conventional indicators. This study also explored this problem for the proposed approaches by conducting synthetic computational experiments to control and understand the process.

scholarly journals A MULTIDISCIPLINARY ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR STUDYING ACTIVE MOBILITY PATTERNS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 527-534
Author(s):  
D. Orellana ◽  
C. Hermida ◽  
P. Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Auto Ethnography ◽  
New Research

Intermediate cities are urged to change and adapt their mobility systems from a high energy-demanding motorized model to a sustainable low-motorized model. In order to accomplish such a model, city administrations need to better understand active mobility patterns and their links to socio-demographic and cultural aspects of the population. During the last decade, researchers have demonstrated the potential of geo-location technologies and mobile devices to gather massive amounts of data for mobility studies. However, the analysis and interpretation of this data has been carried out by specialized research groups with relatively narrow approaches from different disciplines. Consequently, broader questions remain less explored, mainly those relating to spatial behaviour of individuals and populations with their geographic environment and the motivations and perceptions shaping such behaviour. Understanding sustainable mobility and exploring new research paths require an interdisciplinary approach given the complex nature of mobility systems and their social, economic and environmental impacts. Here, we introduce the elements for a multidisciplinary analytical framework for studying active mobility patterns comprised of three components: a) Methodological, b) Behavioural, and c) Perceptual. We demonstrate the applicability of the framework by analysing mobility patterns of cyclists and pedestrians in an intermediate city integrating a range of techniques, including: GPS tracking, spatial analysis, auto-ethnography, and perceptual mapping. The results demonstrated the existence of non-evident spatial behaviours and how perceptual features affect mobility. This knowledge is useful for developing policies and practices for sustainable mobility planning.

scholarly journals A MULTIDISCIPLINARY ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR STUDYING ACTIVE MOBILITY PATTERNS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Orellana ◽  
C. Hermida ◽  
P. Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Auto Ethnography ◽  
New Research

Intermediate cities are urged to change and adapt their mobility systems from a high energy-demanding motorized model to a sustainable low-motorized model. In order to accomplish such a model, city administrations need to better understand active mobility patterns and their links to socio-demographic and cultural aspects of the population. During the last decade, researchers have demonstrated the potential of geo-location technologies and mobile devices to gather massive amounts of data for mobility studies. However, the analysis and interpretation of this data has been carried out by specialized research groups with relatively narrow approaches from different disciplines. Consequently, broader questions remain less explored, mainly those relating to spatial behaviour of individuals and populations with their geographic environment and the motivations and perceptions shaping such behaviour. Understanding sustainable mobility and exploring new research paths require an interdisciplinary approach given the complex nature of mobility systems and their social, economic and environmental impacts. Here, we introduce the elements for a multidisciplinary analytical framework for studying active mobility patterns comprised of three components: a) Methodological, b) Behavioural, and c) Perceptual. We demonstrate the applicability of the framework by analysing mobility patterns of cyclists and pedestrians in an intermediate city integrating a range of techniques, including: GPS tracking, spatial analysis, auto-ethnography, and perceptual mapping. The results demonstrated the existence of non-evident spatial behaviours and how perceptual features affect mobility. This knowledge is useful for developing policies and practices for sustainable mobility planning.

Impulsive/Compulsive Sexual Behavior: Assessment and Treatment

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Controversial Area ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Research

There is a growing recognition among clinicians that any type of sexual behavior can become pathologically impulsive or compulsive. There is quite a bit of debate about terminology for this condition, the diagnostic criteria, assessment methods and treatment approaches. In the absence of clear consensus, clinicians are struggling with how to help the many men and women who suffer and seek help from this type of problem. This chapter will review the author’s assessment and treatment approach. Clinicians will need to keep abreast of the literature as new research evolves and follow the continued debate around this controversial area.

scholarly journals Public Transport GPS Probe and Rail Gate Data for Assessing the Pattern of Human Mobility in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2178
Author(s):  
Songkorn Siangsuebchart ◽  
Sarawut Ninsawat ◽  
Apichon Witayangkurn ◽  
Surachet Pravinvongvuth
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Transport Planning ◽  
Java Program

Bangkok, the capital city of Thailand, is one of the most developed and expansive cities. Due to the ongoing development and expansion of Bangkok, urbanization has continued to expand into adjacent provinces, creating the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR). Continuous monitoring of human mobility in BMR aids in public transport planning and design, and efficient performance assessment. The purpose of this study is to design and develop a process to derive human mobility patterns from the real movement of people who use both fixed-route and non-fixed-route public transport modes, including taxis, vans, and electric rail. Taxi GPS open data were collected by the Intelligent Traffic Information Center Foundation (iTIC) from all GPS-equipped taxis of one operator in BMR. GPS probe data of all operating GPS-equipped vans were collected by the Ministry of Transport’s Department of Land Transport for daily speed and driving behavior monitoring. Finally, the ridership data of all electric rail lines were collected from smartcards by the Automated Fare Collection (AFC). None of the previous works on human mobility extraction from multi-sourced big data have used van data; therefore, it is a challenge to use this data with other sources in the study of human mobility. Each public transport mode has traveling characteristics unique to its passengers and, therefore, specific analytical tools. Firstly, the taxi trip extraction process was developed using Hadoop Hive to process a large quantity of data spanning a one-month period to derive the origin and destination (OD) of each trip. Secondly, for van data, a Java program was used to construct the ODs of van trips. Thirdly, another Java program was used to create the ODs of the electric rail lines. All OD locations of these three modes were aggregated into transportation analysis zones (TAZ). The major taxi trip destinations were found to be international airports and provincial bus terminals. The significant trip destinations of vans were provincial bus terminals in Bangkok, electric rail stations, and the industrial estates in other provinces of BMR. In contrast, electric rail destinations were electric rail line interchange stations, the central business district (CBD), and commercial office areas. Therefore, these significant destinations of taxis and vans should be considered in electric rail planning to reduce the air pollution from gasoline vehicles (taxis and vans). Using the designed procedures, the up-to-date dataset of public transport can be processed to derive a time series of human mobility as an input into continuous and sustainable public transport planning and performance assessment. Based on the results of the study, the procedures can benefit other cities in Thailand and other countries.

Etiopathogenetic aspects of otosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
V. M. Svistushkin ◽  
◽  
E. V. Sin’kov ◽  
I. V. Stozhkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Progressive Hearing Loss ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Research

Otosclerosis is one of the most common causes of progressive hearing loss, in particular in people of working age. The effectiveness of stapedial surgery largely determines the interest in studying the problems and prospects for the development of technologies, namely, the improvement of prostheses, surgical techniques, and assistance during interventions. It is worth noting that the main attention in the scientific literature is paid to the description of the clinic, the diagnosis of otosclerosis, as well as the methods of stapedoplasty. However, the question of the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease remains relevant and open for discussion, despite the many domestic and foreign works in this field. The emergence of new research methods, including molecular-genetic ones, contributed to the transition of research to a new level and the development of several new theories. Modern understanding of the pathogenesis of otosclerosis considers this disease as a multifactorial condition, in which many processes are involved, for example, genetic, hormonal, biochemical, and immunological. Likely, further study of the theory and hypothesis of the development of otosclerosis will find their justification, which will help answer many questions. The purpose of this article is to analyze and systematize data concerning various theories of the etiopathogenesis of the otosclerosis process, based on the study of modern domestic and foreign literature.

The Judicialization of Politics Disentangled

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hamlin ◽  
Gemma Sala
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Politics ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
Judicialization Of Politics ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Research ◽  
Comparative Theory ◽  
The Cost

The judicialization of politics is an expression that has been widely used in the fields of comparative law and judicial politics alike since it first emerged in the 1980s. Yet, despite its ubiquity, it is difficult to ascertain its specific meaning because it is used to refer to such a wide range of court-related phenomena and processes. Despite its varying usages and meanings, there has been a puzzling lack of scholarly discussion over the scope of the term, and very little critical analysis of its use. This silence has impeded the project of comparative constitutional law. So it is necessary to disentangle and compare the many faces of judicialization that are used in various political science literatures. There are as many as nine distinct forms of the term that are regularly used; yet the various empirical strategies for measuring, defining, and documenting this phenomenon are often incommensurable, and further, the causes of judicialization frequently overlap and occasionally contradict one another. The popularity of this term has come at the cost of conceptual clarity, and this confusion has impeded both the project of building a comparative theory of judicialization, and efforts to have a coherent normative debate about its consequences. With the goal of theory building in mind, a systematic study of judicialization and its multiple usages can be a useful way to illuminate key questions for a new research agenda geared toward a deeper and more nuanced understanding of this term.

Real-time urban traffic information extraction from GPS tracking of a bus fleet

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Denaxas ◽  
Savvas Mpollas ◽  
Dimitrios Vitsios ◽  
Christoforos Zolotas ◽  
Dimitris G. Bleris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Extraction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Gps Tracking

A Trajectory Based Method of Automatic Counting of Cyclist in Traffic Video Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750015
Author(s):  
Farideh Foroozandeh Shahraki ◽  
Ali Pour Yazdanpanah ◽  
Emma E. Regentova ◽  
Venkatesan Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Graph Matching ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Traffic Video ◽  
Automated Tools ◽  
Safety Countermeasures ◽  
New Research

Due to the growing number of cyclist accidents on urban roads, methods for collecting information on cyclists are of significant importance to the Department of Transportation. The collected information provides insights into solving critical problems related to transportation planning, implementing safety countermeasures, and managing traffic flow efficiently. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) employs automated tools to collect traffic information from traffic video data. One of the important factors that influence cyclists safety is their counts. In comparison to other road users, such as cars and pedestrians, the automated cyclist data collection is relatively a new research area. In this work, we develop a vision-based method for gathering cyclist count data at intersections and road segments. We implement a robust cyclist detection method based on a combination of classification features. We implement a multi-object tracking method based on the Kernelized Correlation Filters (KCF) in cooperation with the bipartite graph matching algorithm to track multiple cyclists. Then, a trajectory rebuilding method and a trajectory comparison model are applied to refine the accuracy of tracking and counting. The proposed method is the first cyclist counting method, that has the ability to count cyclists under different movement patterns. The trajectory data obtained can be further utilized for cyclist behavioral modeling and safety analysis.

Estimation of Origin-Destination Matrix with Tolling Data

2011 ◽  
Vol 50-51 ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wang ◽  
Xiao Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Traditional Model ◽  
Matrix Estimation ◽  
Od Estimation ◽  
The Cost

Prior matrix and surveyed link volumes were, in most cases, employed to estimate origin-destination matrix. With the development of BOT and of congestion pricing, charged links become an important component of road network, due to the fact that the tolling data: volumes and travel time on pricing entry-exit are traffic information, both cost-free and accurate. In this paper, we put forward a bi-level programming model, taking account of data on charging entry-exit to estimate OD matrix based upon the traditional model. Meanwhile, a heuristic method -the simulated annealing approach - is utilized to solve the OD estimation problem. Results of examples indicate that the accuracy of estimation will be improved while adding the tolling data, and that it is feasible to calculate OD matrix by combining the volumes and travel time on entry-exit with partial common link flows. In this light, this way can be applied to enhance accuracy, and also to reduce the cost spent on surveying the link flows in common OD matrix estimation.

Signs of Safety: lessons learnt from evaluations

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Baginsky ◽  
Jo Moriarty ◽  
Jill Manthorpe
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Time To Build ◽  
Signs Of Safety ◽  
The Many ◽  
New Research

Purpose Signs of Safety (SoS) is a strengths-based approach to child protection casework that has been widely adopted in countries across the world. The purpose of this paper is to report on a study that aimed to synthesise the many evaluations of SoS that have been conducted to assess their strengths and limitations. The intention is to identify the aspects which should be explored further and those that remain unexamined to inform future evaluations. Design/methodology/approach The study collated and then examined many of the evaluations that are in the public domain as well as some of those that were conducted within agencies and have not been made publicly available. Findings At the present time (early 2019), the evidence base for SoS is limited. Independent, robust research needs to be undertaken over time to build on the studies that have been conducted. New research must be designed to fill gaps and be capable of producing the evidence required and it must address its own limitations. Originality/value This study is the most comprehensive contemporary review of the evaluations of SoS that have been conducted to the best of the authors’ knowledge.

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